Annotated Bibliography (*). (Featured CME Topic: Hypertension).* Efficacy and safety of angiotensin II receptor blockers in elderly patients with mild to moderate hypertension. Okereke CE, Messerli FH. Am J Geriatr Cardiol 2001; 10:42-49 This is a review of the efficacy and safety of angiotensin receptor blockers in the older population with mild-to-moderate hypertension. These drugs are well tolerated, safe, and in most cases as efficacious as other classes of antihypertensive antihypertensive /an·ti·hy·per·ten·sive/ (-ten´siv) counteracting high blood pressure, or an agent that does this. an·ti·hy·per·ten·sive adj. Reducing high blood pressure. n. medications. * Blood pressure, cognitive functions, and prevention of dementias in older patients with hypertension. Birkenhager WH, Forette F, Seux ML, et al. Arch Intern Med 2001; 161:152-156 These authors discuss how antihypertensive drug treatment may reduce the rates of development of cognitive impairment and ensuing dementia in those aged 70 years and older. * Antihypertensive drug therapy in older patients. Wang JG, Staessen JA. Curr Opin Nephrol Hypertens 2001; 10:263-269 This review focuses on how calcium-channel blockers may offer greater protection against stroke than against myocardial infarction in the elderly. This could result in an overall cardiovascular benefit similar to that provided by older drug classes. * The role of ACE inhibitors in the treatment of hypertensive elderly patients. Gosch M. Z Gerontol Geriatr 2000; 33:433-437 ACE inhibitors and their benefits are compared with other antihypertensive drugs in older patients, including those in heart failure, with diabetes, or with coronary heart disease coronary heart disease: see coronary artery disease. coronary heart disease or ischemic heart disease Progressive reduction of blood supply to the heart muscle due to narrowing or blocking of a coronary artery (see atherosclerosis). . * Recent advances in the management of hypertension in the elderly. Gennari FJ, Gennari AS. Curr Hypertens Rep 2000; 6:543-550 This review focuses on new advances in the understanding and approach to managing hypertension in the elderly. It discusses the risk of development of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications associated with isolated elevations in systolic blood pressure Systolic blood pressure Blood pressure when the heart contracts (beats). Mentioned in: Hypertension and the safety and efficacy of interventions to reduce hypertension. * Does the benefit of antihypertensive treatment outweigh the risk in very elderly hypertensive patients? Forette F, Lechowski L, Rigaud AS, et al. J. Hypertens 2000; 18(suppl):S9-S12 The risk of hypertension and the benefits of antihypertensive treatment for patients aged 85 years and older are discussed. * Doxazosin in elderly patients with hypertension. Weinberger MH, Fawzy A. Int J. Clin Pract 2000; 54:181-189 This review discusses comorbid disorders in the hypertensive elderly, such as dyslipidemia, diabetes, renal disease, and atherosclerosis, and in males prostatic hyperplasia. A review of Doxazosin and its positive effects on lipid profiles and glycemic Glycemic The presence of glucose in the blood. Mentioned in: Cholesterol, High glycemic pertaining to the level of glucose in the blood. control, making it an attractive choice of therapy for elderly patients with hypertension and diabetes or dyslipidemia, is included. * Heart failure with normal systolic Systolic The phase of blood circulation in which the heart's pumping chambers (ventricles) are actively pumping blood. The ventricles are squeezing (contracting) forcefully, and the pressure against the walls of the arteries is at its highest. function. Kitzman DW. Clin Geriatr Med 2000; 16:489-512 This author discusses the normal aging changes that may predispose older individuals to diastolic heart failure diastolic heart failure Cardiology Heart failure with preserved left ventricular systolic function–LV ejection fraction of ≥ 50%, no segmental wall motion abnormalities, and no evidence of significant coronary, valvular, infiltrative, pericardial, or , including increased hypertrophy and stiffness of the left ventricle, increased vascular stiffness, and decreased cardiovascular reserve. The review also includes a discussion on echocardiography Echocardiography Definition Echocardiography is a diagnostic test that uses ultrasound waves to create an image of the heart muscle. Ultrasound waves that rebound or echo off the heart can show the size, shape, and movement of the heart's valves and in differentiating diastolic Diastolic The phase of blood circulation in which the heart's pumping chambers (ventricles) are being filled with blood. During this phase, the ventricles are at their most relaxed, and the pressure against the walls of the arteries is at its lowest. from systolic heart failure systolic heart failure Cardiology Heart failure with a severely reduced systolic function–LV ejection fraction of ≤35%. Cf Diastolic heart failure. and in ruling out other disorders. (*) Additional reviews are listed in the October 2001 issue of the Southern Medical Journal, CME CME See: Chicago Mercantile Exchange CME See Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME). Featured Topic: The Older Patient. (*.) Prepared by Elaine McClellan-Holm. |
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