Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador: Mexican Presidential candidate of the Party of the Democratic Revolution (PRD)/Candidato a la Presidencia de Mexico por el Partido de la Revolucion Democratica (PRD).In memory of Gabriella Blears [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, the presidential candidate of the Party of the Democratic Revolution The Party of the Democratic Revolution (in Spanish: Partido de la Revolución Democrática, PRD) is one of the three main political parties in Mexico. History (PRD PRD progressive retinal degeneration. ), believes that the North American Free Trade Agreement North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA), accord establishing a free-trade zone in North America; it was signed in 1992 by Canada, Mexico, and the United States and took effect on Jan. 1, 1994. (NAFTA NAFTA in full North American Free Trade Agreement Trade pact signed by Canada, the U.S., and Mexico in 1992, which took effect in 1994. Inspired by the success of the European Community in reducing trade barriers among its members, NAFTA created the world's ) should stand firm, but that it should also be improved so that Mexico can achieve a higher degree of development. In an exclusive interview with BUSINESS MEXICO, the ex-chief of government of the Mexican capital speaks about the basis of his economic program, pending reforms and who he believes will be his main opponent in the July 2006 elections. --Why do you want to be the next President of Mexico? --In order for things to get better, I think that the country needs a renovation. We have to get the economy going, there has to be employment in Mexico and, of course, there has to be well-being. --If, as you have repeated, you are not interested in the presidential salary and power doesn't call your attention, what is your ambition and motivation for the post? --I'm a social fighter. I have ideals, I have principles, and that is what motivates me, basically. Power, I have said many times, only acquires its virtue when you put it into service for others. --You have spoken of the fact that this country has a rich government and a poor nation. How can you transform that reality? --When I speak of that, I am basically referring to the fact that the spending of the governmental apparatus is excessive. And that has to be lowered for (the benefit of) society. This program of austerity will allow us to free up funds for social development, I'm not proposing anything else. --What are Mexico's main problems? --Poverty and corruption. I think that if there is justice and there isn't corruption, the country can go forward. Corruption is what most hurts Mexico, and if it doesn't end, the country can't move ahead. Nothing has hurt the country more than the dishonesty of its governors. That's the primary cause of the social and economic inequality
Economic inequality refers to disparities in the distribution of economic assets and income. , and we have to slash it out. --What is the basis of your economic plan? --First, to drive the construction industry, because it has a multiplier effect Multiplier Effect The expansion of a country's money supply that results from banks being able to lend. The size of the multiplier effect depends on the percentage of deposits that banks are required to hold on reserves. , both reactivating the economy and generating jobs. In the second place, to use the energy sector as a lever for development. Mexico has petroleum, gas, and we can utilize that energy sector to drive the industrialization industrialization Process of converting to a socioeconomic order in which industry is dominant. The changes that took place in Britain during the Industrial Revolution of the late 18th and 19th century led the way for the early industrializing nations of western Europe and of the country. Then we have to rescue the countryside, to achieve a reduction in emigration emigration: see immigration; migration. . It isn't possible to continue the pace of emigration we've seen in recent times. The country is emptying, we have to find a way to get the economy going and generate jobs. --Since 10 percent of Mexico's population is already in the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. ... --And in the last five years two million Mexicans (have gone) to the United States. --What is your vision of the North American Free Trade Agreement (NAFTA)? --It is not a perfect commercial treaty, but I believe that NAFTA has to be maintained. Now we have to add the theme of cooperation for development. For example, the migratory problem should be resolved through international cooperation. Independent of what we do in Mexico, there has to be financing to drive the growth of the country's economy and generate jobs. Only then will people stop leaving to look for jobs in the United States. [ILLUSTRATION OMITTED] --Relations with the United States are key for Mexico's growth. How can you better them? --A relationship of mutual respect, cooperation and understanding must exist with the United States. I don't believe that there will be problems (during my government), there won't be problems. --But at the same time Mexico's economy is very dependent on the U.S. Should Mexico look for other opportunities in the world? --It is important to look for diversification, but there is a reality: We have a 3,000 kilometer border with the United States. It is our most important economic-commercial partner, it is the most important bilateral relationship in the world. Mexico's government has the most consulates in the world, and the U.S. is the country with the most of them. Thus, a relationship of cooperation must be sought, and at the same time we must look for a widening and diversification of international relations international relations, study of the relations among states and other political and economic units in the international system. Particular areas of study within the field of international relations include diplomacy and diplomatic history, international law, with Europe, obviously with countries in Latin America Latin America, the Spanish-speaking, Portuguese-speaking, and French-speaking countries (except Canada) of North America, South America, Central America, and the West Indies. and the Caribbean, and with Asia, too. --PEMEX is Mexico's principal source of revenue. But billions of dollars are needed to improve its operation. How can these funds be obtained? --Oil is a good business, the best business in the world. One barrel of oil costs us, without paying nature's rent, three dollars, and it sells for US$45 or more. PEMEX Pemex officially Petróleos Mexicanos Mexico's state-owned oil company. In 1938 Pres. Lázaro Cárdenas nationalized 17 foreign oil companies to create Pemex, the largest Latin American petroleum company and a major world exporter of fossil fuel. has money. This year it is calculated that it will have an income of US$70 billion, and PEMEX needs US$25 billion, between operations and investments. Then there is enough money. And this year, in concordance concordance /con·cor·dance/ (-kord´ins) in genetics, the occurrence of a given trait in both members of a twin pair.concor´dant con·cor·dance n. with the numbers projected in the budget, there will be an additional US$10 billion because of the increase in the price of oil. There are sufficient resources to get the energy sector going without privatizing. --There are other important pending reforms, like fiscal ... --Yes, we need a fiscal reform, but first the problem of evasion must be fixed. In Mexico there is 50 percent fiscal evasion, the collection system is very bad. It doesn't mean increasing taxes or creating others, but collecting the existing taxes. --How important is it for the PRD to obtain a majority in the Congress, in the case that you win the presidency? --We have to think about winning the majority in the Congress. But also if we don't have that majority, we can work. (President Vicente) Fox is utilizing the pretext that he could not do his work because Congress impeded it, but that's false. Because he could have reached accords, he just did not know how to do it. It's an excuse. The Mexican political class is the most inclined to negotiations in the world. --You have said that as president you would travel less, and that to communicate with other countries you would use the telephone a bit more ... --I will travel what is necessary, I will not do political tourism. I will go with chiefs of state when it is for a collaboration agreement, an investment, something that benefits Mexico. But I won't go to all of the summits, I won't go to get to know the world. --Why, in the entrance of these offices, is there a label that says "Fox, traitor of democracy"? --That is a painting that a young Oaxacan boy gave to Fox during a tour in Oaxaca, when he wanted to have my immunity taken away. And what they were doing, wanting to put me off to the side, to dismiss and disable me to participate politically, was an act of treason of democracy. That is to say, it was a strike at the incipient Mexican democracy, because you can't just eliminate an adversary like that. --Who is your principal opponent in the upcoming election? Felipe Calderon Felipe Calderon is the name of:
(Primary Rate Interface) An ISDN service that provides 23 64 Kbps B (Bearer) channels and one 64 Kbps D (Data) channel (23B+D), which is equivalent to the 24 channels of a T1 line. ) ... or (ex-president) Carlos Salinas de Gortari Salinas de Gortari can refer to:
--It's the same to me whoever it is, Calderon or Madrazo, because in the end behind them are Salinas Salinas, city, United States Salinas (səlē`nəs), city (1990 pop. 108,777), seat of Monterey co., W Calif.; inc. 1874. It is the shipping and processing center of a fertile valley famous for its grain and lettuce. and Fox. It's the same project. And I think that the Mexican public will continue advancing democracy, that the PRI will not return to government and the PAN will not stay in power because it didn't know how to. This is the first in a series of BUSINESS MEXICO's interviews with the main candidates for the Presidency of the Republic. En memoria de Gabriella Blears Andres Manuel Lopez Obrador, candidato presidencial por el Partido de la Revolucion Democratica (PRD), cree que el Tratado de Libre Comercio de America del Norte Del Norte can refer to multiple things:
--?Por que quiere ser el proximo prox·i·mo adv. Archaic Of or in the following month. [Latin proxim (m Presidente de Mexico?
--Para que las cosas mejoren, creo que hace falta una renovacion en el pais. Tenemos que echar a andar la economia, tiene que haber empleos en Mexico y, desde luego, tiene que haber bienestar. --Si, como usted ha repetido, no esta interesado por el sueldo de Presidente de la Republica y no le llama llama (lä`mə), South American domesticated ruminant mammal, Lama glama, of the camel family. Genetic studies indicate that it is descended from the guanaco. la atencion el poder, entonces?cual es su ambicion y su motivacion por este puesto? --Yo soy un luchador social. Tengo ideales, tengo principios, y eso es lo que me motiva, basicamente, El poder, lo he dicho muchas veces, solo tiene sentido y adquiere virtud cuando se pone See pwn. al servicio de los demas. --Usted ha hablado de que en este pais hay un gobierno rico y una nacion pobre. ?Como puede usted transformar esa realidad? --Cuando hablo de eso estoy refiriendome basicamente a que el gasto del aparato gubernamental es excesivo. Y a que hay que bajar ese costo (para beneficio) de la sociedad. Ese programa de austeridad nos va a permitir liberar fondos para el desarrollo social, yo no estoy planteando otra cosa. --?Cuales son los problemas principales de Mexico? --La pobreza y la corrupcion. Creo que si hay justicia y no hay corrupcion, el pais puede salir adelante. La corrupcion es lo que mas dana a Mexico; si no se termina con ella, el pais no sale adelante. Nada ha danado mas al pais que la deshonestidad de los gobernantes. Es la causa principal de la desigualdad social y economica, y hay que cortar de tajo con ella. --?Cuales son las bases de su plan economico? --Primero, impulsar mucho la industria de la construccion porque tiene un efecto multiplicador, con ella se reactiva la economia y se generan empleos. En segundo lugar, utilizar el sector energetico como una palanca del desarrollo. Mexico tiene petroleo, tiene gas, y podemos utilizar al sector energetico para impulsar la industrializacion del pais. Luego tenemos que rescatar al campo cam·po n. pl. cam·pos A large grassy plain in South America, with scattered bushes and small trees. [Spanish, field, from Latin campus.] para lograr que se reduzca la emigracion. No es posible que siga dandose la emigracion que se ha presentado en los ultimos tiempos. El pais se esta quedando vacio, tenemos que buscar la manera de echar andar la economia y de generar empleos. --Es que el 10% de la poblacion de Mexico ya esta en Estados Unidos ... --Y en los ultimos cinco anos dos millones de mexicanos (se han ido) a los Estados Unidos. --?Cual es su vision sobre el Tratado de Libre Comercio de America del Norte (TLCAN)? --No es un acuerdo perfecto per·fec·to n. pl. per·fec·tos A cigar of standard length, thick in the center and tapered at each end. [From Spanish, perfect, from Latin perfectus; see perfect.] , pero creo que se tiene que mantener. Ahora hay que buscar anadirle el tema de la cooperacion para el desarrollo. Por ejemplo, el problema migratorio debe resolverse a traves de la cooperacion internacional. Independientemente de lo que hagamos en Mexico, tiene que haber financiamiento para impulsar el crecimiento de la economia del pais y generar empleos. Solo asi la gente va dejar de irse a buscar trabajo a Estados Unidos. --Las relaciones con Estados Unidos son clave clave 1 v. Archaic A past tense of cleave1. clave 2 v. Archaic A past tense of cleave2. para el crecimiento de Mexico. ?Como podria usted mejorarlas? --Tiene que ser una relacion de respeto mutuo, de cooperacion y de entendimiento. Yo no creo que haya problemas (durante mi gobierno), no va a haber problemas. --Pero al mismo tiempo la economia de Mexico es muy dependiente de Estados Unidos. ?Deberian buscarse otras oportunidades en el mundo El Mundo can refer to:
--Es importante buscar la diversificacion, pero hay una realidad: tenemos 3,000 kilometros de frontera con Estados Unidos. Es nuestro socio economico-comercial, mas importante, es la relacion bilateral mas importante del mundo. El gobierno de Mexico es el que tiene mas consulados en el mundo, y en Estados Unidos es donde hay mas consulados mexicanos. Entonces se tiene que buscar una relacion de cooperacion y al mismo tiempo una apertura y una diversificacion de las relaciones con Europa, obviamente con los paises de America Latina y el Caribe, y con Asia tambien. --PEMEX es la principal entrada de dinero para Mexico. Pero hacen falta miles de millones de dolares para mejorar su operacion. ?Como pueden conseguirse esos fondos? --El petroleo es un buen negocio, el mejor negocio del mundo. Un barril de petroleo nos cuesta cuesta (kwĕs`tə), asymmetric ridge characterized by a short, steep escarpment on one side, and a long, gentle slope on the other. The steep side exposes the edge of erosion-resistant rock layers that form the cuestas. , sin pagar la renta a la naturaleza, tres dolares, y se vende en 45 dolares o mas. Entonces PEMEX tiene dinero. Este ano se calcula que va a tener un ingreso de US$70,000 millones, y PEMEX necesita US$25,000 millones entre operacion e inversiones, o sea que si hay suficiente dinero. Y este ano, de acuerdo a las cifras que se proyectaron en el presupuesto, van haber US$10,000 millones adicionales por el incremento del precio del petroleo. O sea que hay recursos suficientes como para echar a andar al sector energetico sin la Sin La (el. 5495 m.) is a high Himalayan mountain pass located in the eastern Kumaun in Pithoragarh District of Uttarakhand state in India. This pass connects Bidang in Darma Valley to Jolingkong Lake in the Kuthi Yankti valley. It is steep on both the sides and rocky. necesidad de privatizacion. --Hay otras reformas pendientes muy importantes, como la fiscal ... --Si hace falta la reforma La Reforma (English: The Reform) was a period halfway through the 19th century in the history of Mexico that was characterized by liberal reforms and the transformation of Mexico into a nation state. fiscal, pero primero pri·me·ro n. A gambling card game, popular in Elizabethan England. [Alteration of Spanish primera, feminine of primero, first, from Latin se tiene que corregir el problema de la evasion. En Mexico hay una evasion fiscal del 50%, el sistema de recaudacion es muy malo. No se trata de aumentar impuestos o de crear otros, sino de cobrar los impuestos existentes. --?Que tan importante es para el PRD obtener la mayoria en el Congreso, en caso de que usted ganara la Presidencia? --Tenemos que pensar en ganar la mayoria del Congreso. Pero tambien, si no se tiene esa mayoria, se puede trabajar. (El Presidente Vicente) Fox esta utilizando de pretexto que no pudo hacer su trabajo porque se lo impidio el Congreso, pero eso es falso. Porque se pudo haber llegado a acuerdos, pero no supo hacerlo. Es una excusa. La clase politica Politica is the undergraduate journal of the Department of Political Science at the University of California, Berkeley. Politica solicits original student essays on topics broadly political. mexicana es la mas proclive a las negociaciones en el mundo. --Usted ha dicho que como presidente viajara menos y que para comunicarse con otros paises usara el telefono un poco mas ... --Voy a viajar lo indispensable, no voy hacer turismo politico. Voy a ir con jefes de estado cuando este de por medio un convenio de colaboracion, una inversion, algo que beneficie a Mexico. Pero no voy a ir a todas las cumbres, no voy a ir a conocer el mundo. --?Por que en la entrada La Entrada is a town in the Honduran department of Copán. It's name is the spanish for "the entrance". de estas oficinas hay un rotulo que dice "Fox, traidor de la democracia La Democracia means “the democracy” in Spanish. There are also places with that name: Guatemala
--Ese es un cuadro que hizo un joven oaxaqueno y se lo presento a Fox durante una gira a Oaxaca, cuando queria desaforarme. Y lo que estaban haciendo, el querer hacerme a un lado, el destituirme y el inhabilitarme para participar politicamente era un acto de traicion a la democracia. Es decir, era un golpe a la incipiente democracia mexicana, porque no se puede quitar del camino a un adversario de esa manera. --?Quien es su oponente principal en esta proxima eleccion? ?Felipe Calderon (candidato por el PAN), Roberto Madrazo (PRI) ... o (el ex presidente) Carlos Salinas de Gortari? --Nos da igual cualquiera, Calderon o Madrazo, porque al final detras de ellos esta Salinas y esta Fox. Es el mismo proyecto. Y yo creo que el pueblo El Pueblo (The People) was a Spanish daily newspaper, the central organ of the Syndicalist Party during the 1930s. de Mexico va a seguir avanzando en la democracia, que el PRI no va a regresar al Gobierno y que el PAN no va a continuar en el gobierno porque no supo hacerlo. Esta es la primera de una serie de entrevistas de BUSINESS MEXICO con los principales aspirantes a la Presidencia de la Republica. |
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