ARAB ISRAELI RELATIONS - Aug 27 - Israeli Says Hamas Is Training Hundreds Abroad.

Hamas has sent hundreds of its fighters abroad for military training, most of them to Iran, the Israeli Army's deputy chief of staff says, and Israel has the names of more than 100 of them. Israel is watching as Hamas, in control of Gaza, is building an army there on the model of Hizbullah in southern Lebanon, said the deputy chief of staff, Major General Moshe Kaplinsky, in a wide-ranging interview conducted 10 days ago, but embargoed at the request of the Army. He said Hamas was constructing positions and fortifications, building tunnels for fighting and smuggling in explosives, antitank weapons and more sophisticated rockets through the Egyptian desert. Hamas now has improved antitank missiles and mortars and possesses manufactured Katyusha rockets with a range of 10.6 miles, which they are keeping in reserve, Kaplinsky said in a 90-minute interview in his office in Tel Aviv. But he said the military training was even more important. "If you let them do what they want to do for a long time, I believe it will be a challenge", Kaplinsky said. "I feel we have time to make the most of other possibilities. But if it continues in this way, I believe personally that one day we'll have to do it" - send Israeli troops into Gaza in a major incursion. Hamas officials have denied that they are sending gunmen abroad for military training. They say that only some police officers have been sent, and none to Iran. But Hamas has been more open about its military efforts in Gaza since June, when it routed its rival Fatah forces in heavy fighting. Hamas, which is classified by Israel, the United States and the EU as a terrorist organization, and which gets support from both Iran and Syria, has a free hand in Gaza. Some leaders in the Israeli Army, including the commander of the southern division, Major General Yoav Gallant, argue for an Israeli incursion soon. But his superior, Kaplinsky, is in no rush for a lengthy campaign in the crowded cities and refugee camps. "We can do it tomorrow", he said. "But we also understand the price. And given the way Hamas fights, we'll hurt a lot of civilians, and we don't want to do it". The government of PM Ehud Olmert also does not want to damage new political progress with the Palestinian president, Mahmoud Abbas, who will meet again on Aug 28 with Olmert in American-sponsored discussions of the principles of a final peace. In Gaza, too, there are signs of disaffection with the heavy handedness of Hamas, Kaplinsky noted, and Israel is not eager to provide Hamas an excuse to escape the difficulties of governing Gaza amid international isolation. On Aug 26, the deputy director of Shin Bet, the internal security agency, told the Israeli cabinet that 40 tons of explosives had been smuggled through Egypt into Gaza since June, a sharp increase. He also suggested that Hamas leaders in exile in Syria were preparing a new round of terrorist attacks inside Israel to try to derail the new rapprochement with Abbas, who leads Fatah. Israel has time to watch developments, Kaplinsky said. "What happens with Fatah? What will be the Egyptian attitude, which may change? What will happen inside Gaza?" There is now, between Israel and Abbas, an opportunity, the general said. "It's maybe even a new era. But the Palestinians have to decide where they're going, if they want the situation as in Gaza or not". Hamas and another militant group, Islamic Jihad, can create political havoc, Kaplinsky said. "The situation in the West Bank is very fragile", he said. Any mistake, any failure on our side to prevent terror can change the situation in a day. If tomorrow morning there is a suicide bomber in Jerusalem, we'd have to change a lot of things". Hamas is strong in the West Bank, too, and Fatah's hold there is problematic. Asked whether Fatah's situation is different in the West Bank, where he spent three years as Israel's commander, Kaplinsky said: I really don't know the difference. I do know for sure the reason that Hamas is considered weak there is because of our security activities". His job is to worry, he said. And his largest worry is Iran. Nuclear program aside, he said, "Iran is involved in every instability in this region". As for a nuclear Iran, he said, "everyone understands the consequences". The other main concerns are Syria and Lebanon. Syria is building up sophisticated weaponry at a rapid pace. In the last three years, Israeli officials said, Syria has spent nearly $3 bn on weapons, half of that this year alone. By contrast, in 2003, Syria spent only $75m. Neither Israel nor Syria wants war, Kaplinsky said, but he worries about Syrian intentions and miscalculations. "We are aware of what we see, and we can't ignore it", he said, so Israel has increased its preparations in the north. "It would be very helpful for us to understand what they really want". As for Lebanon, Defense Minister Ehud Barak told Parliament's foreign and defense committee on Aug 27 that despite the presence of UN forces, which are not allowed to patrol the border with Syria, Hizbullah now has more rockets of all kinds than it did before last summer's war, when it fired some 4,000 rockets at Israel. Israel considers Hizbullah, which was hit hard in the inconclusive war, unlikely to attack again this year. Kaplinsky said that Iran and Syria had replaced much of Hizbullah's arsenal, "especially the long-range missiles". Last summer, Israel's major intelligence success was to know where those large missiles and launchers were hidden, and the majority of the launchers were destroyed in the first two days of the war, meaning that few large missiles hit Israeli cities like Haifa or even Tel Aviv. Asked if Israel possessed similar knowledge today, Kaplinsky said he could not answer in detail, then added: We know what we have to know".