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A safe journey: in the wake of Katrina, marine writers are taking steps to re-evaluate what, where and how to insure.


Key Points

* Current insurance programs and plans are inadequate and must be revised if the marine/energy industry is to remain viable.

* Marine underwriters, producers and risk managers need to reassess reassess
Verb

to reconsider the value or importance of

reassessment n

Verb 1. reassess - revise or renew one's assessment
reevaluate
 the entire cycle of business and decide how much exposure and what aggregate limit of liability is acceptable in a particular location.

* The it-can't-happen-here scenario A scenario (from Italian, that which is pinned to the scenery) is a synthetic description of an event or series of actions and events. In the Commedia dell'arte  is dead.

Volatile With regard to computer memory, it means "temporary" and not "highly changeable," which is the usual meaning of the word. See volatile memory.

1. (programming) volatile - volatile variable.
2. (storage) volatile - See non-volatile storage.
 weather over the past two years, particularly Gulf Coast hurricanes, is forcing the marine and energy insurance industry to take a long, hard look at revamping its underwriting Underwriting

1. The process by which investment bankers raise investment capital from investors on behalf of corporations and governments that are issuing securities (both equity and debt).

2. The process of issuing insurance policies.
 strategy. Weather scientists predict that the recent weather patterns are not just a fluke fluke, parasitic flatworm of the trematoda class, related to the tapeworm. Instead of the cilia, external sense organs, and epidermis of the free-living flatworms, adult flukes have sucking disks with which they cling to their hosts and an external cuticle that  of nature but a developing pattern of more frequent and severe hurricanes that may last for decades. No one is certain yet what exactly will emerge, but insurers and policyholders alike are definitely def·i·nite  
adj.
1. Having distinct limits: definite restrictions on the sale of alcohol.

2. Indisputable; certain: a definite victory.

3.
 facing the issues and bracing bracing,
n a resistance to the horizontal components of masticatory force.
 for radical changes.

Current insurance programs and plans are inadequate and must be revised if the marine/energy industry is to remain viable. Hurricane Katrina Editing of this page by unregistered or newly registered users is currently disabled due to vandalism.  took the industry by surprise. Business interruption INTERRUPTION. The effect of some act or circumstance which stops the course of a prescription or act of limitation's.
     2. Interruption of the use of a thing is natural or civil.
 claims were anticipated, but never to the extent of those stemming stemming - stemmer  from Hurricane Katrina. The storm destroyed 30 oil plants and closed nine refineries, severely disrupting both onshore on·shore  
adj.
1. Moving or directed toward the shore: an onshore wind.

2. Located on the shore: an onshore beacon; an onshore patrol.

adv.
 and offshore energy operations, stalling stall 1  
n.
1. A compartment for one domestic animal in a barn or shed.

2.
a. A booth, cubicle, or stand used by a vendor, as at a market.

b.
 U.S. oil production for six months and creating staggering claims for loss of income. Primary insurers and reinsurers are still assessing damages and resolving claims.

When catastrophes wreak wreak  
tr.v. wreaked, wreak·ing, wreaks
1. To inflict (vengeance or punishment) upon a person.

2. To express or gratify (anger, malevolence, or resentment); vent.

3.
 havoc on refineries, it affects more than property. There's an ensuing en·sue  
intr.v. en·sued, en·su·ing, en·sues
1. To follow as a consequence or result. See Synonyms at follow.

2. To take place subsequently.
 loss of oil production that affects demand and price. Transporting oil in from other sources adds to an already high price.

Hurricanes Katrina KATRINA Keeping All the Resources in New Orleans Alive
KATRINA Krewe Aiding Trash Removal In the New Orleans Area
 and Rita in the Gulf Coast, for instance, interrupted in·ter·rupt  
v. in·ter·rupt·ed, in·ter·rupt·ing, in·ter·rupts

v.tr.
1. To break the continuity or uniformity of: Rain interrupted our baseball game.

2.
 25% of the oil production in the United States United States, officially United States of America, republic (2005 est. pop. 295,734,000), 3,539,227 sq mi (9,166,598 sq km), North America. The United States is the world's third largest country in population and the fourth largest country in area. . That meant that 75% of the crude oil had to be imported. Instead of sending domestic crude oil via pipeline to refineries, it was imported from other countries. Because the supertankers that transport oil are too large to fit in Gulf Coast ports, the crude oil had to be pumped into smaller vessels Vessels are a post-rock band from Leeds, UK. Vessels were born from the ashes of A Day Left in September 2005. In 2006 they self-released a 5 track eponymous ep, and played many gigs including the unsigned stage at Leeds Festival.  that could then bring it into Louisiana Louisiana (ləwē'zēăn`ə, lē'–), state in the S central United States. It is bounded by Mississippi, with the Mississippi R. , Mississippi Mississippi, state, United States
Mississippi (mĭs'əsĭp`ē), one of the Deep South states of the United States. It is bordered by Alabama (E), the Gulf of Mexico (S), Arkansas and Louisiana, with most of the border formed by
 and Texas for refining refining, any of various processes for separating impurities from crude or semifinished materials. It includes the finer processes of metallurgy, the fractional distillation of petroleum into its commercial products, and the purifying of cane, beet, and maple sugar .

The politics of the exporters adds to the overall costs as well. The Middle East, which produces probably 30% to 40% of the world's supply of crude oil, is politically unstable unstable,
adj 1. not firm or fixed in one place; likely to move.
2. capable of undergoing spontaneous change. A nuclide in an unstable state is called
radioactive. An atom in an unstable state is called
excited.
, as is Latin America Latin America, the Spanish-speaking, Portuguese-speaking, and French-speaking countries (except Canada) of North America, South America, Central America, and the West Indies. , another big exporter.

In the wake of these mega-catastrophes, the marine/energy insurance industry is taking a fresh and critical look at what to insure Insure can mean:
  • To provide for financial or other mitigation if something goes wrong: see insurance or .
  • Or you may be looking for ensure or inshore.
, where to insure and how to insure. The industry must anticipate and prepare for the worst-case scenarios worst-case scenario nSchlimmstfallszenario nt , not just the once-in-a-100 years hurricane hurricane, tropical cyclone in which winds attain speeds greater than 74 mi (119 km) per hr. Wind speeds reach over 190 mi (289 km) per hr in some hurricanes. , tsunami, earthquake earthquake, trembling or shaking movement of the earth's surface. Most earthquakes are minor tremors. Larger earthquakes usually begin with slight tremors but rapidly take the form of one or more violent shocks, and end in vibrations of gradually diminishing force  or volcano volcano, vents or fissures in the earth's crust through which gases, molten rock, or lava, and solid fragments are discharged. Their study is called volcanology.  nor possible catastrophic acts of terrorism terrorism, the threat or use of violence, often against the civilian population, to achieve political or social ends, to intimidate opponents, or to publicize grievances. . The approaches to coverage, loss prevention and claims handling must be rethought and remodeled.

Demand surge See power surge.

SURGE - Sorter, Updater, Report Generator, Etc. IBM 704, 1959. Sammet 1969, p.8.
, a relatively new term that refers to the spike A burst of extra voltage in a power line that lasts only a few nanoseconds. See power surge, power swell, sag and surge suppression.

(jargon) spike - To defeat a selection mechanism by introducing a (sometimes temporary) device that forces a specific result.
 in prices after a catastrophe Catastrophe, from the Greek Καταστροφή (katastrephein), literally means "to turn" (strephein) "downwards" (kata-). , was rarely calculated into catastrophe models before 2004. After Katrina, demand surge was estimated to be as much as 30% and could well go higher in future storms.

The marine insurance industry has to look a bit harder into risk selection, examine its aggregation methodology and involve the actuaries more heavily and evaluate models. Risk selection will be paramount Paramount (pâr`əmount'), city (1990 pop. 47,669), Los Angeles co., S Calif.; inc. 1957. Originally a dairy region, it has become highly industrialized since the 1950s.  in the Gulf of Mexico Noun 1. Gulf of Mexico - an arm of the Atlantic to the south of the United States and to the east of Mexico
Golfo de Mexico

Atlantic, Atlantic Ocean - the 2nd largest ocean; separates North and South America on the west from Europe and Africa on the east
 and marine insurers must look for proper aggregation of risk in including equipment spread across the eastern, central and western parts of the Gulf.

Demand for new coverages will increase and overall premiums will increase, but that alone is not the answer. Marine insurers also need to increase primary deductibles, pay closer attention to the overall loss exposures from disasters, change terms and conditions of coverage, and adapt limits, waiting periods and layered coverages. Some businesses will not be able to obtain coverage without extensive changes to their facilities and operations.

Insurers have to look more closely at risks, including rig placements, air gap, age of vessel VESSEL, mar. law. A ship, brig, sloop or other craft used in navigation. 1 Boul. Paty, tit. 1, p. 100. See sup.
     2. By an act of congress, approved July 29, 1850, it is provided that any person, not being an owner, who shall on the high seas, willfully, with.
 and/or and/or  
conj.
Used to indicate that either or both of the items connected by it are involved.

Usage Note: And/or is widely used in legal and business writing.
 drilling rig/platform, and oil prices, both at the time of issuance and time of loss. Ship routes must be assessed because while navigation navigation, science and technology of finding the position and directing the course of vessels and aircraft. Early Navigational Techniques


In ancient times, mariners navigated by the guidance of the sun and stars and landmarks along the coast.
 equipment is more sophisticated, vessels are getting larger and more of them are concentrated in the Gulf. The industry may need a broader definition for flooding Refers to various denial-of-service techniques that saturate a critical resource, leading either to system failure or to the exclusion of legitimate access. See e-mail bombing, Fraggle attack, smurf attack and SYN-flood attack.  and a restriction restriction - A bug or design error that limits a program's capabilities, and which is sufficiently egregious that nobody can quite work up enough nerve to describe it as a feature.  on contingent Fortuitous; dependent upon the possible occurrence of a future event, the existence of which is not assured.

The word contingent denotes that there is no present interest or right but only a conditional one which will become effective upon the happening of the
 business interruption. For the first time, there may be a need to put limits on the perils of wind-driven water.

These effects are not limited to the Gulf area. All along the Atlantic coast up into Maine Maine, ship
Maine, U.S. battleship destroyed (Feb. 15, 1898) in Havana harbor by an explosion that killed 260 men. The incident helped precipitate the Spanish-American War (Apr., 1898). Commanded by Capt. Charles Sigsbee, the ship had been sent (Jan.
 and for 100 miles inland INLAND. Within the same country.
     2. It seems not to be agreed whether the term inland applies to all the United States or only to one state. It has been holden in Now York that a bill of exchange by one person in one state, on another person in another, is an
, concentrations of vessels and goods, harbors and land-based facilities will be subject to review. The it-can't-happen-here scenario is dead.

Marine/energy underwriters, producers and risk managers need to reassess the entire cycle of business and decide how much exposure and what aggregate limit of liability is acceptable in a particular location. A facility exposed to potential loss by a hurricane can be dependent on suppliers and customers who may or may not be affected by the storm. A damaged facility or operation can not be restored without raw materials, machinery, equipment and parts from its suppliers. Likewise, a damaged facility or operation cannot supply goods and materials to its customers. An operation that is down for too long loses its customers.

Hurricanes cause extensive loss to property to be sure; however, an even greater problem is the indirect loss caused by the interruption of business. Insuring business interruption is a major concern due to the fluctuation Fluctuation

A price or interest rate change.
 in the price of oil that results when production slows or stops. There will probably be tighter scrutiny Scrutiny (Fr. scrutin, Late Lat. scrutinium, from scrutari, to search or examine thoroughly) is a careful examination or inquiry (as though there was a mistake).  of such claims, especially the time element. Insurers may be using forensic Belonging to courts of justice.


forensic 1) adj. from Latin forensis for "belonging to the forum," ancient Rome's site for public debate, and currently meaning pertaining to the courts.
 accountants to help develop values for businesses.

The marine/energy insurance industry stands ready to perform a better job of risk selection and help policyholders take the necessary steps to reduce their exposure. It's it's  

1. Contraction of it is.

2. Contraction of it has. See Usage Note at its.


it's it is or it has
it's be ~have
 also taking an active vocal vo·cal
adj.
1. Of or relating to the voice.

2. Capable of emitting sound or speech.



vocal

pertaining to the voice.
 and visible role in creating viable solutions to better protect individuals and businesses around the world from the severe economic fallout fallout, minute particles of radioactive material produced by nuclear explosions (see atomic bomb; hydrogen bomb; Chernobyl) or by discharge from nuclear-power or atomic installations and scattered throughout the earth's atmosphere by winds and convection currents.  of super catastrophes.

Marine coverage is the oldest line of insurance in the world and has overcome war and conflagration to survive and prosper. This industry stands strong and ready to develop and provide the needed coverages not just for the Gulf Coast but for the worldwide market as well.

RELATED ARTICLE: How to prepare for the new environment.

Underwriting management for the marine/energy businesses will require changes in policy provisions before policies will be issued. A new model for underwriting will involve a thorough study of the equipment itself, the locations and concentrations of vessels, cargo, storage, transportation, power sources, personnel and facilities. Redundancies and duplication duplication /du·pli·ca·tion/ (doo-pli-ka´shun)
1. the act or process of doubling, or the state of being doubled.

2.
 must be identified and considered as well.

By the same token In programming, a string of characters. For example, in the C expression #define MAXAMOUNT 50000, MAXAMOUNT is the token. See also token passing and authentication token.

1.
, marine/energy policyholders must initiate INITIATE. A right which is incomplete. By the birth of a child, the husband becomes tenant by the curtesy initiate, but his estate is not consummate until the death of the wife. 2 Bouv. Inst. n. 1725.  substantive Substantive may refer to:

In grammar:
  • a noun substantive, now also called simply noun
  • a verb substantive, a verb like English "be" when expressing existence (in contrast to use as a copula)
In law:
 measures to better prepare for future storms or catastrophes, such as:

* Building damage-resistant structures.

* Developing detailed contingency plans A plan involving suitable backups, immediate actions and longer term measures for responding to computer emergencies such as attacks or accidental disasters. Contingency plans are part of business resumption planning. .

* Pipelines and power transmission lines may have to be placed underground.

* The practice of storing cargo out in the open, exposed to the elements, even when housed in containers may also have to be changed.

* Policyholders may be required to avoid some power failure losses by installing external equipment such as transformers or establish outside sources that cannot be shut down by a major storm,

* Risks that are centralized cen·tral·ize  
v. cen·tral·ized, cen·tral·iz·ing, cen·tral·iz·es

v.tr.
1. To draw into or toward a center; consolidate.

2.
, with no alternative source of operations, create an unacceptable exposure in today's market. Whether it is a production, storage or transportation facility, the operation must not be the sole location for an insured The person who obtains or is otherwise covered by insurance on his or her health, life, or property. The insured in a policy is not limited to the insured named in the policy but applies to anyone who is insured under the policy.


insured n.
 Companies will need to develop fallback fall·back  
n.
1.
a. Something to which one can resort or retreat.

b. A retreat.

2. Computer Science
 operations through joint agreements with similar operators in another location or by splitting up the activities into two or more locations.

In essence, the insurance industry must control and aggregate exposures and risks to cap their total liability, while the energy business may have to consider alternative financing or consider losses a normal part of doing business.

Both policyholders and insurers need to rethink re·think  
tr. & intr.v. re·thought , re·think·ing, re·thinks
To reconsider (something) or to involve oneself in reconsideration.



re
 their loss-control activities Loss-control activities

Actions that an insured person or company takes at the instigation of an insurance company in order to prevent accidents or losses.
 beyond fire prevention, perhaps to the point of waterproof warehouses and double-roof construction just as in the case of double-hull ships. Both parties also must pursue new design and incorporate new technology in rebuilding to help prevent storm damage.

Contributor Steve v. t. 1. To pack or stow, as cargo in a ship's hold. See Steeve.  Cullen Cul·len   , Countée 1903-1946.

American poet whose collections Colors (1926) and Copper Sun (1927) established him as a leading figure of the Harlem Renaissance.
 is president and chief operating officer Chief Operating Officer (COO)

The officer of a firm responsible for day-to-day management, usually the president or an executive vice-president.
 of Markel Markel Corporation is an insurance holding company.

Never declaring a stock split, their stock has risen from $8.33 per share in its 1986 IPO to over $475 a share in 2007.
 Global Marine & Energy. He can be reached at: scullen@markelcorp.com.
Inland Marine, Top Writers, United States--2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                             2005 Direct       %
                                              Premiums     Change in
Rank   Company/Group                 AMB #    Written      Premiums

  1    CNA Ins Cos                   18313      83,213       10.8
  2    Amer Intl Group, Inc          18540     814,105      -30.2
  3    St. Paul Travelers Group      18647     791,832       -5.5
  4    Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group     18549     736,425       17.1
  5    Hartford Ins Group            00048     660,974        6.5
  6    State Farm Group              00088     555,697        6.3
  7    Allianz of America, Inc       18429     541,182        8.0
  8    FM Global Group               18502     537,568       15.8
  9    Chubb Group of Ins Cos        00012     505,575        8.9
 10    Assurant Solutions            18499     473,182        6.3
 11    Great Amer P&C Ins Group      04835     297,732       16.6
 12    Liberty Mutual Ins Cos        00060     293,774      101.3
 13    Allstate Ins Group            00008     291,536       20.6
 14    Ace INA Group                 18498     261,560        7.2
 15    HDI US Group                  18492     216,287       11.8
 16    Everest Re US Group           05696     184,535       24.0
 17    Markel Corp Group             18468     176,462       -1.6
 18    XL America Group              18130     165,231       13.4
 19    Nationwide Group              05987     159,053        6.0
 20    Protressive Ins Group         00780     148,905       18.9
 21    USAA Group                    04080     110,251        1.9
 22    Stonebridge Casualty Ins Co   00323     109,711       70.8
 23    Auto-Owners Ins Group         04354     108,411        2.2
 24    Alleghany Ins Holdings        18640     106,279       18.8
 25    Old Republic Gen Group        00734     102,953        3.3

       Top 25 Writers                         $9,232,432      5.6
       Total U.S. P/C Industry                $11,983,023     6.9

                                         <---Market Share(%)--->
Company/Group                           2005     2004        2003

CNA Ins Cos                            7.4         7.1        7.0
Amer Intl Group, Inc                   6.8        10.4        9.8
St. Paul Travelers Group               6.6         7.5        7.2
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group              6.1         5.6        5.7
Hartford Ins Group                     5.5         5.5        5.1
State Farm Group                       4.6         4.7        4.7
Allianz of America, Inc                4.5         4.5        4.4
FM Global Group                        4.5         4.1        4.8
Chubb Group of Ins Cos                 4.2         4.1        4.1
Assurant Solutions                     3.9         4.0        4.1
Great Amer P&C Ins Group               2.5         2.3        2.2
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                 2.5         1.3        1.3
Allstate Ins Group                     2.4         2.2        2.1
Ace INA Group                          2.2         2.2        2.4
HDI US Group                           1.8         1.7        1.8
Everest Re US Group                    1.5         1.3        0.3
Markel Corp Group                      1.5         1.6        1.7
XL America Group                       1.4         1.3        0.6
Nationwide Group                       1.3         1.3        1.4
Protressive Ins Group                  1.2         1.1        0.9
USAA Group                             0.9         1.0        1.0
Stonebridge Casualty Ins Co            0.9         0.6        0.1
Auto-Owners Ins Group                  0.9         0.9        0.9
Alleghany Ins Holdings                 0.9         0.8        0.3
Old Republic Gen Group                 0.9         0.9        0.9

Top 25 Writers                        77.0        78.0       74.6
Total U.S. P/C Industry              100.0       100.0      100.0

                                     <---Adjusted Loss Ratios --->
Company/Group                         2005        2004        2003

CNA Ins Cos                           48.1        66.8       59.1
Amer Intl Group, Inc                 137.3        25.1       29.0
St. Paul Travelers Group              49.7        39.8       94.5
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group             70.0        47.3       41.5
Hartford Ins Group                    78.2        64.0       55.8
State Farm Group                      55.9        47.6       43.0
Allianz of America, Inc               53.0        35.6       54.7
FM Global Group                      104.8        44.1       24.9
Chubb Group of Ins Cos                59.0        31.5       35.4
Assurant Solutions                    53.9        43.3       40.3
Great Amer P&C Ins Group              35.9        29.0       32.5
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                61.2        30.6       43.3
Allstate Ins Group                    49.1        56.2       37.2
Ace INA Group                         37.7        52.5       43.3
HDI US Group                          36.6        50.4       53.2
Everest Re US Group                   87.1        80.7       63.6
Markel Corp Group                     30.8        23.1       15.6
XL America Group                     361.1        94.1       70.5
Nationwide Group                      37.0        33.8       10.6
Protressive Ins Group                 90.8        70.7       45.2
USAA Group                            41.3        34.5       32.0
Stonebridge Casualty Ins Co           64.0        76.9       84.5
Auto-Owners Ins Group                 39.8        37.6       40.7
Alleghany Ins Holdings                93.4        18.4       11.2
Old Republic Gen Group                37.0        38.7       32.8

Top 25 Writers                        70.8        44.1       45.5
Total U.S. P/C Industry               64.3        43.1       43.3

                                     % of
                                     Company
Company/Group                        Premiums

CNA Ins Cos                            9.9
Amer Intl Group, Inc                   2.8
St. Paul Travelers Group               3.7
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group              5.8
Hartford Ins Group                     5.4
State Farm Group                       1.2
Allianz of America, Inc               10.7
FM Global Group                       23.2
Chubb Group of Ins Cos                 5.2
Assurant Solutions                    20.3
Great Amer P&C Ins Group               8.3
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                 1.8
Allstate Ins Group                     1.1
Ace INA Group                          3.8
HDI US Group                          11.8
Everest Re US Group                   19.3
Markel Corp Group                     10.3
XL America Group                       5.2
Nationwide Group                       1.0
Protressive Ins Group                  1.0
USAA Group                             1.3
Stonebridge Casualty Ins Co           42.0
Auto-Owners Ins Group                  2.4
Alleghany Ins Holdings                 6.7
Old Republic Gen Group                 3.7

Top 25 Writers                         3.6
Total U.S. P/C Industry                2.5

Source: A.M. Best Co.

Ocean Marine, Top Writers, United States--2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                            2005 Direct         %
                                             Premiums     Change in
Rank   Company/Group               AMB #      Written     Premiums

  1    Amer Intl Group, Inc        18540       322,999        24.6
  2    St. Paul Travelers Group    18647       292,986         8.6
  3    Ace INA Group               18498       261,239         1.0
  4    CNA Ins Cos                 18313       240,805        -4.2
  5    Allianz of America, Inc     18429       193,232         6.0
  6    Chubb Group of Ins Cos      00012       156,601        13.8
  7    Amer Steamship Owners Mut   00161       147,341       -10.3
         P & I Assn
  8    White Mountains Ins Group   18490       144,876        -3.0
  9    XL America Group            18130        94,155         8.1
 10    Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group   18549        91,193        -8.1
 11    NY Marine Group             00419        88,332         4.3
 12    Great Amer P&C Ins Group    04835        69,376         1.5
 13    HCC Ins Holdings            18421        65,878         7.7
 14    Markel Corp Group           18468        61,840         1.6
 15    Navigators Ins Group        18081        56,819        14.8
 16    Tokio Marine & Nichido      02927        43,108        -9.8
         Fire USB Group
 17    Arch Capital Group US       18484        38,513        36.4
 18    Farmers Ins Group           00032        33,659        12.4
 19    Hartford Ins Group          00048        33,489         6.6
 20    Axis Ins Group              18603        30,502       999.9
 21    Seaworthy Ins Co            11390        25,980         5.1
 22    Nationwide Group            05987        21,992       -13.7
 23    State Farm Group            00088        21,809         5.4
 24    USAA Group                  04080        21,800         5.0
 25    FM Global Group             18502        21,795         9.9

       Top 25 Writers                       $2,580,319         6.1
       Total U.S. P/C Industry              $2,838,543         5.4

                                        <---Market Share(%)--->
Company/Group                       2005          2004        2003

Amer Intl Group, Inc                11.4           9.6        10.7
St. Paul Travelers Group            10.3          10.0         8.0
Ace INA Group                        9.2           9.6         7.5
CNA Ins Cos                          8.5           9.3        10.1
Allianz of America, Inc              6.8           6.8         6.4
Chubb Group of Ins Cos               5.5           5.1         4.5
Amer Steamship Owners Mut            5.2           6.1         3.7
  P & I Assn
White Mountains Ins Group            5.1           5.5         5.5
XL America Group                     3.3           3.2         3.1
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group            3.2           3.7         4.2
NY Marine Group                      3.1           3.1         2.8
Great Amer P&C Ins Group             2.4           2.5         2.6
HCC Ins Holdings                     2.3           2.3         1.7
Markel Corp Group                    2.2           2.3         2.4
Navigators Ins Group                 2.0           1.8         2.0
Tokio Marine & Nichido               1.5           1.8         1.8
  Fire USB Group
Arch Capital Group US                1.4           1.0         0.8
Farmers Ins Group                    1.2           1.1         1.1
Hartford Ins Group                   1.2           1.2         1.2
Axis Ins Group                       1.1           0.0         0.0
Seaworthy Ins Co                     0.9           0.9         0.7
Nationwide Group                     0.8           0.9         0.9
State Farm Group                     0.8           0.8         0.8
USAA Group                           0.8           0.8         0.8
FM Global Group                      0.8           0.7         0.8

Top 25 Writers                      90.9          90.3        83.9
Total U.S. P/C Industry            100.0         100.0       100.0

                                    <---Adjusted Loss Ratios --->
Company/Group                       2005          2004        2003

Amer Intl Group, Inc               122.2          72.9        48.5
St. Paul Travelers Group            86.8          54.8        41.9
Ace INA Group                       66.6         104.5        61.9
CNA Ins Cos                         72.0          64.7        77.8
Allianz of America, Inc             59.1          50.4        52.9
Chubb Group of Ins Cos              65.4          48.5        39.8
Amer Steamship Owners Mut           86.1          70.3        83.7
  P & I Assn
White Mountains Ins Group           59.6          41.8        43.0
XL America Group                   308.9          94.6        70.3
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group          117.0          57.7        56.3
NY Marine Group                     97.5          55.7        27.6
Great Amer P&C Ins Group            58.7          47.3        42.5
HCC Ins Holdings                   382.7          96.2        61.3
Markel Corp Group                   78.1          57.1        48.8
Navigators Ins Group               109.8         -74.3       192.4
Tokio Marine & Nichido              57.2          63.4       160.9
  Fire USB Group
Arch Capital Group US              179.7          71.1        55.2
Farmers Ins Group                   42.8          35.7        49.5
Hartford Ins Group                  10.7          16.3        16.1
Axis Ins Group                      89.9          31.3         0.0
Seaworthy Ins Co                    52.4          55.8        59.5
Nationwide Group                    91.9          64.4        55.1
State Farm Group                    40.5          34.8        42.4
USAA Group                          58.3          76.6        44.4
FM Global Group                     33.2         417.9       753.7

Top 25 Writers                      96.0          64.7        66.7
Total U.S. P/C Industry             92.7          62.3        64.0

                                                 % of
                                              Company
Company/Group                                Premiums

Amer Intl Group, Inc                              11.0
St. Paul Travelers Group                           1.4
Ace INA Group                                      3.8
CNA Ins Cos                                        2.7
Allianz of America, Inc                            3.8
Chubb Group of Ins Cos                             1.6
Amer Steamship Owners Mut                        100.0
  P & I Assn
White Mountains Ins Group                          5.7
XL America Group                                   2.9
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                          0.7
NY Marine Group                                   50.1
Great Amer P&C Ins Group                           1.9
HCC Ins Holdings                                   6.8
Markel Corp Group                                  3.6
Navigators Ins Group                              16.4
Tokio Marine & Nichido                             9.6
  Fire USB Group
Arch Capital Group US                              2.1
Farmers Ins Group                                  0.2
Hartford Ins Group                                 0.3
Axis Ins Group                                     3.0
Seaworthy Ins Co                                 100.0
Nationwide Group                                   0.1
State Farm Group                                   0.0
USAA Group                                         0.3
FM Global Group                                    0.9

Top 25 Writers                                     1.2
Total U.S. P/C Industry                            0.6

Source: A.M. Best Co.

Fire & Allied Lines, Top Writers, United States--2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                            2005 Direct         %
                                             Premiums     Change in
Rank   Company/Group               AMB #    Written       Premiums

  1    Amer Intl Group, Inc        18540     1,683,664         3.7
  2    FM Global Group             18502     1,433,429         7.9
  3    St. Paul Travelers Group    18647     1,361,389         0.4
  4    Ace INA Group               18498     1,350,600         2.1
  5    Allianz of America, Inc     18429       922,321        13.6
  6    Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group   18549       747,226       -35.2
  7    Assurant Solutions          18499       730,707        19.7
  8    Centurion Ins Group         18188       611,242        -0.6
  9    State Farm Group            00088       526,607         4.6
 10    Alleghany Ins Holdings      18640       519,002        -5.3
 11    Liberty Mutual Ins Cos      00060       516,934        30.3
 12    Great Amer P&C Ins Group    04835       506,439       -15.4
 13    CA Earthquake Authority     12534       503,358         8.1
 14    XL America Group            18130       481,395        -2.7
 15    Hartford Ins Group          00048       460,560       -29.8
 16    Nationwide Group            05987       448,092         6.2
 17    Allstate Ins Group          00008       413,339         8.0
 18    Farmers Ins Group           00032       394,915        15.5
 19    Fidelity Natl Group         18606       340,184         5.7
 20    Safeco Ins Cos              00078       329,516         0.1
 21    Farmers Alliance Cos        00114       327,381       -11.6
 22    Axis Ins Group              18603       316,677         1.9
 23    Balboa Ins Group            04062       301,474         3.7
 24    USAA Group                  04080       282,297        12.0
 25    Fairfax Financial (USA)     03116      276;854          0.2
         Groups

       Top 25 Writers                       $15,785,602        0.0
       Total U.S. P/C Industry              $23,695,089        1.2

                                         <---Market Share(%)--->
Company/Group                        2005         2004        2003

Amer Intl Group, Inc                 7.1           6.9         7.0
FM Global Group                      6.0           5.7         6.7
St. Paul Travelers Group             5.7           5.8         6.5
Ace INA Group                        5.7           5.7         4.9
Allianz of America, Inc              3.9           3.5         4.2
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group            3.2           4.9         5.8
Assurant Solutions                   3.1           2.6         2.5
Centurion Ins Group                  2.6           2.6         2.1
State Farm Group                     2.2           2.2         2.1
Alleghany Ins Holdings               2.2           2.3         1.1
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos               2.2           1.7         1.4
Great Amer P&C Ins Group             2.1           2.6         2.1
CA Earthquake Authority              2.1           2.0         1.9
XL America Group                     2.0           2.1         1.6
Hartford Ins Group                   1.9           2.8         2.9
Nationwide Group                     1.9           1.8         1.7
Allstate Ins Group                   1.7           1.6         1.6
Farmers Ins Group                    1.7           1.5         1.3
Fidelity Natl Group                  1.4           1.4         0.9
Safeco Ins Cos                       1.4           1.4         1.3
Farmers Alliance Cos                 1.4           1.6         1.4
Axis Ins Group                       1.3           1.3         0.9
Balboa Ins Group                     1.3           1.2         1.3
USAA Group                           1.2           1.1         0.9
Fairfax Financial (USA)              1.2           1.2         1.3
  Groups

Top 25 Writers                      66.6          67.4        65.5
Total U.S. P/C Industry            100.0         100.0       100.0

                                      <---Adjusted Loss Ratios--->
Company/Group                      2005          2004          2003

Amer Intl Group, Inc               261.6          71.0        44.6
FM Global Group                     70.6          43.3        34.5
St. Paul Travelers Group           117.4          65.9        42.2
Ace INA Group                      115.6          45.1        54.8
Allianz of America, Inc             88.9          -7.4        48.4
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group          185.4          63.8        40.1
Assurant Solutions                 188.0          40.8        29.9
Centurion Ins Group                 43.4          93.3       112.9
State Farm Group                   999.9          49.4        24.9
Alleghany Ins Holdings             246.0         101.1        11.1
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos             114.1          36.6        36.1
Great Amer P&C Ins Group            65.3          63.5        60.4
CA Earthquake Authority              0.0          -0.5         1.2
XL America Group                   139.9          72.3        61.2
Hartford Ins Group                 124.1          49.9        45.7
Nationwide Group                   133.4         100.3        52.4
Allstate Ins Group                 851.1          62.6        44.8
Farmers Ins Group                   92.6          93.5       102.9
Fidelity Natl Group                999.9         134.2        20.4
Safeco Ins Cos                      51.5          37.2        32.0
Farmers Alliance Cos                91.2          95.0        93.4
Axis Ins Group                     204.6         112.7        34.3
Balboa Ins Group                    65.3          37.4        32.2
USAA Group                         235.0         127.1        50.1
Fairfax Financial (USA)            185.6          74.2        50.3
  Groups

Top 25 Writers                     203.2          60.1        46.2
Total U.S. P/C Industry            169.0          60.0        46.5

                                                 % of
                                              Company
Company/Group                                Premiums

Amer Intl Group, Inc                               5.9
FM Global Group                                   61.9
St. Paul Travelers Group                           6.4
Ace INA Group                                     19.4
Allianz of America, Inc                           18.3
Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                          5.8
Assurant Solutions                                31.4
Centurion Ins Group                               99.5
State Farm Group                                   1.1
Alleghany Ins Holdings                            32.8
Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                             3.2
Great Amer P&C Ins Group                          14.2
CA Earthquake Authority                          100.0
XL America Group                                  15.0
Hartford Ins Group                                 3.8
Nationwide Group                                   2.9
Allstate Ins Group                                 1.5
Farmers Ins Group                                  2.7
Fidelity Natl Group                               68.3
Safeco Ins Cos                                     5.7
Farmers Alliance Cos                              71.1
Axis Ins Group                                    30.9
Balboa Ins Group                                  34.4
USAA Group                                         3.3
Fairfax Financial (USA)                           15.6
  Groups

Top 25 Writers                                     6.6
Total U.S. P/C Industry                            5.0

Source: A.M. Best Co.

Inland Marine, Top Writers by U.S. State-2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                        Direct
                          No. of       Premiums
State           Rank       Cos.        Written

Ala.             22         381       $192,010
Alaska           37         224         61,729
Ariz.            26         392        167,239
Ark.             29         366        135,358
Calif             1         421        1685724
Colo.             9         387        359,561
Conn.            27         342        161,095
Del.             45         313         40,594
D.C.             47         266         39,035
Fla.              3         441        867,557
Ga.               7         453        380,395
Hawaii           44         199         42,373
Idaho            38         330         57,105
III.              6         494        475,330
Ind.             17         458        227,182
Iowa             30         393        131,783
Kan.             32         384        116,521
Ky.              20         402        206,531
La.              15         365        241,730
Maine            43         281         43,544
Md.              24         393        180,080
Mass.            13         351        251,879
Mich.            12         386        294,735
Minn.            21         413        192,708
Miss             31         373        117.200
Mo.              19         433        212,937
Mont             49         314         28,937
Neb.             35         366         88,275
Nev.             34         346         99,155
N.H.             42         295         44,435
N.J.              5         364        482,166
N.M.             39         326         55,471
N.Y               4         425        755,083
N.C.             11         393        300,629
N.D.             51         317         26,065
Ohio              8         465        363,599
Okla.            28         379        136,700
Ore.             33         379        115,634
Pa.              10         470        343,853
R.I.             46         296         40,535
S.C.             25         377        169,504
S.D.             40         328         53,862
Tenn.            18         438        220,308
Texas             2         479        924,366
Utah             36         339         76,345
Vt.              50         284         27,383
Va.              16         415        233,602
Wash.            14         387        249,899
W.Va.            41         307         44,853
Wis.             23         429        190,244
Wyo.             48         286         30,187
U.S. Total                 1200    $11,983,023

                % of
                U.S.     Premium
State           Total    % Change       ALR (1)

Ala.            1.6        14.1           97.1
Alaska          0.5       -21.9           10.4
Ariz.           1.4         3.1           41.0
Ark.            1.1        14.0           69.0
Calif          14.1         3.9           34.5
Colo.           3.0        11.9           61.8
Conn.           1.3        -5.3           14.1
Del.            0.3        43.3           84.4
D.C.            0.3         8.3           39.5
Fla.            7.2        20.2           46.4
Ga.             3.2        15.6           48.5
Hawaii          0.4        32.2           28.9
Idaho           0.5        40.4           32.6
III.            4.0         3.0           41.7
Ind.            1.9         1.2           36.4
Iowa            1.1        14.0           42.9
Kan.            1.0         5.3           53.2
Ky.             1.7        22.8           40.2
La.             2.0        13.2          489.4
Maine           0.4         0.9           23.5
Md.             1.5        10.2           26.7
Mass.           2.1         2.9           52.1
Mich.           2.5        -0.3           37.7
Minn.           1.6         0.6           38.3
Miss            1.0         8.3          747.9
Mo.             1.8         6.4           43.6
Mont            0.2        -1.0           60.3
Neb.            0.7        13.1           55.3
Nev.            0.8        22.6           33.2
N.H.            0.4        -8.7           19.0
N.J.            4.0         3.8           47.9
N.M.            0.5        -1.0           36.4
N.Y             6.3        -2.8           26.6
N.C.            2.5         8.9           30.5
N.D.            0.2         1.7           43.4
Ohio            3.0        -3.6           60.8
Okla.           1.1         5.0           46.8
Ore.            1.0        13.9           31.3
Pa.             2.9         2.7           43.5
R.I.            0.3       -11.2           21.6
S.C.            1.4         6.0           28.2
S.D.            0.4        62.8           43.9
Tenn.           1.8        16.8           53.9
Texas           7.7         6.1          143.8
Utah            0.6        10.0           28.9
Vt.             0.2        16.7           34.1
Va.             1.9         6.2           31.9
Wash.           2.1        17.8           25.5
W.Va.           0.4        10.7           36.7
Wis.            1.6         9.2           38.5
Wyo.            0.3        22.4           17.5
U.S. Total    100.0         6.9           64.3

                              Market Share
                          Agency        Direct
State        DDCCE (2)   Writer (3)    Writer (4)

Ala.            4.4        72.8           27.2
Alaska          0.3        83.9           16.1
Ariz.           1.1        70.9           29.1
Ark.            0.6        56.9           43.1
Calif           1.6        75.3           24.7
Colo.           1.0        35.7           64.3
Conn.          -0.6        62.5           37.5
Del.           -0.1        69.4           30.6
D.C.            0.8        82.9           17.1
Fla.            1.1        76.6           23.4
Ga.             0.5        75.9           24.1
Hawaii          0.7        85.8           14.2
Idaho           0.3        70.5           29.5
III.            1.9        76.2           23.8
Ind.            0.5        79.3           20.7
Iowa            1.0        79.0           21.0
Kan.            0.5        78.2           21.8
Ky.             0.6        73.3           26.7
La.            14.1        73.1           26.9
Maine           0.3        71.5           28.5
Md.             0.3        72.3           27.7
Mass.           1.8        81.5           18.5
Mich.           1.3        74.2           25.8
Minn.           0.9        71.3           28.7
Miss          201.0        73.0           27.0
Mo.             1.0        70.9           29.1
Mont            1.9        77.1           22.9
Neb.            0.5        80.3           19.7
Nev.            0.6        76.5           23.5
N.H.            0.9        59.0           41.0
N.J.            0.6        86.3           13.7
N.M.            0.6        75.7           24.3
N.Y             2.2        79.8           20.2
N.C.            0.9        70.6           29.4
N.D.            0.5        69.7           30.3
Ohio            0.6        78.8           21.2
Okla.           0.9        81.0           19.0
Ore.            0.7        62.1           37.9
Pa.             2.7        74.1           25.9
R.I.           -1.0        75.0           25.0
S.C.            0.6        70.8           29.2
S.D.            0.6        87.3           12.7
Tenn.           0.6        71.2           28.8
Texas           3.7        80.1           19.9
Utah           -0.7        68.7           31.3
Vt.             0.9        72.4           27.6
Va.             0.4        72.0           28.0
Wash.           0.6        66.7           33.3
W.Va.           0.9        76.2           23.8
Wis.            0.7        79.8           20.2
Wyo.            0.2        82.3           17.7
U.S. Total      1.8        74.5           25.5

                                                      % Market
State         Leading Writer                             Share

Ala.          CNA Ins Cos                                10.1
Alaska        Amer Intl Group, Inc                       53.9
Ariz.         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   9.2
Ark.          Southern Farm Bureau Group                 19.2
Calif         FM Global Groulu                            8.4
Colo.         Everest Re US Group                        51.3
Conn.         Swiss Reins Group                          15.4
Del.          Aon Corp Group                             23.3
D.C.          Scor US Group                              11.7
Fla.          Zurich FIN Svcs NA Group                   11.1
Ga.           Hartford Ins Group                         12.4
Hawaii        Allianz of America, Inc                    22.1
Idaho         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                  28.4
III.          CNA Ins Cos                                 8.6
Ind.          Amer Intl Groups Inc                       19.9
Iowa          Assurant Solutions                         16.8
Kan.          CNA Ins Cos                                 9.9
Ky.           Underwriters at Lloyd's                    14.0
La.           CNA Ins Cos                                14.6
Maine         Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                      9.9
Md.           St. Paul Travelers Group                    8.4
Mass.         St. Paul Travelers Group                    9.7
Mich.         Auto-Owners Ins Group                       8.6
Minn.         State Farm Group                           10.6
Miss          CNA Ins Cos                                 9.7
Mo.           CNA Ins Cos                                 9.9
Mont          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                  12.6
Neb.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                       15.2
Nev.          CNA Ins Cos                                14.0
N.H.          Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                     11.2
N.J.          Hartford Ins Group                         31.6
N.M.          CNA Ins Cos                                10.9
N.Y           Chubb Group of Ins Cos                     15.0
N.C.          CNA Ins Cos                                 9.0
N.D.          St. Paul Travelers Group                   10.0
Ohio          Hartford Ins Group                         13.8
Okla.         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   9.9
Ore.          FM Global Group                            12.4
Pa.           St. Paul Travelers Group                    9.1
R.I.          FM Global Group                             7.5
S.C.          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   8.0
S.D.          Amer Modern Ins Group                      50.1
Tenn.         CNA Ins Cos                                12.5
Texas         St. Paul Travelers Group                   13.4
Utah          FM Global Groups                            9.1
Vt.           HDI US Group                               15.7
Va.           CNA Ins Cos                                11.6
Wash.         FM Global Group                            14.8
W.Va.         Assurant Solutions                         11.8
Wis.          Assurant Solutions                          7.9
Wyo.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                       21.3
U.S. Total    CNA Ins Cos                                 7.4

State         Second Leader Share                     % Market
                                                        Share
Ala.          Amer Intl Group, Inc
Alaska        FM Global Group                             8.2
Ariz.         St. Paul Travelers Group                    6.1
Ark.          CNA Ins Cos                                 7.7
Calif         Allianz of America, Inc                    10.8
Colo.         St. Paul Travelers Group                    8.1
Conn.         Chubb Group of Ins Cos                      6.7
Del.          Citigroup Ins Cos                          11.8
D.C.          Chubb Group of Ins Cos                     10.2
Fla.          CNA Ins Cos                                11.1
Ga.           Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   7.3
Hawaii        CNA Ins Cos                                 8.5
Idaho         Farm Bureau of ID Group                    17.6
III.          St. Paul Travelers Group                    7.2
Ind.          CNA Ins Cos                                 8.6
Iowa          Hartford Ins Group                         12.3
Kan.          Hartford Ins Group                          7.9
Ky.           Swiss Reins Group                           9.3
La.           Amer Intl Group, Inc                       11.3
Maine         Assurant Solutions                         11.6
Md.           Hartford Ins Group                          9.6
Mass.         Chubb Group of Ins Cos                      7.3
Mich.         State Farm Group                            7.3
Minn.         St. Paul Travelers Group                    6.9
Miss          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Groups                  8.2
Mo.           St. Paul Travelers Group                    8.2
Mont          St. Paul Travelers Group                    8.9
Neb.          Hartford Ins Group                          9.4
Nev.          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   9.6
N.H.          Assurant Solutions                         10.7
N.J.          Chubb Group of Ins Cos                      5.6
N.M.          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   7.4
N.Y           Allianz of America, Inc                    10.3
N.C.          Assurant Solutions                          9.0
N.D.          Old Republic Gen Group                      8.7
Ohio          Westfield Group                             6.6
Okla.         St. Paul Travelers Group                    7.7
Ore.          State Farm Group                            9.0
Pa.           CNA Ins Cos                                 6.2
R.I.          St. Paul Travelers Group!                   6.3
S.C.          CNA Ins Cos                                 7.1
S.D.          Hartford Ins Group                          7.9
Tenn.         FM Global Group                             3.9
Texas         Amer Intl Group, Inc                        8.6
Utah          St. Paul Travelers Group                   12.1
Vt.           Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                      9.0
Va.           St. Paul Travelers Group                    7.8
Wash.         Amer Intl Group, Inc                        9.4
W.Va.         St. Paul Travelers Group                   12.5
Wis.          Allianz of America, Inc                    10.7
Wyo.          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group                   7.2
U.S. Total    Amer Intl Group, Inc                       10.9
                                                         6.81

(1) ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by
the difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid
to policyholders.

(2) DDCCE: Direct defense and cost-containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3) Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4) Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling system
or an exclusive agency system.

Source: A.M. Best Statement Products: State/Line. For more information
about custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.

Ocean Marine, Top Writers by U.S. State--2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                      Direct         % of
                        No. of      Premiums         U.S.
State         Rank       Cos.        Written       Total %

Ala.             20        124       $31,988          1.1
Alaska           26         72        21,745          0.8
Ariz.            35        100        10,867          0.4
Ark.             34        107        11,569          0.4
Calif.            2        140       280,111          9.9
Colo.            36        108         8,632          0.3
Conn.            14        112        49,571          1.7
Del.             38         90         6,336          0.2
D.C.             43         80         3,331          0.1
Fla.              3        143       271,033          9.5
Ga.              11        132        69,167          2.4
Hawaii           32         71        13,895          0.5
Idaho            46         89         2,401          0.1
III.              9        147        78,751          2.8
Ind.             30        121        15,201          0.5
Iowa             39         97         5,662          0.2
Kan.             40         92         5,082          0.2
Ky.              29        109        17,782          0.6
La.               5        135       214,818          7.6
Maine            27         94        20,948          0.7
Md.              10        120        75,459          2.7
Mass.             8        124        92,811          3.3
Mich.            15        121        41,450          1.5
Minn.            24        111        24,940          0.9
Miss.            28        118        19,875          0.7
Mo.              17        122        39,207          1.4
Mont             47         75         1,447          0.1
Neb.             42         77         3,870          0.1
Nev.             37         90         7,498          0.3
N.H.             31         96        13,940          0.5
N.J.              7        126       108,163          3.8
N.M.             49         83           949          0.0
N.Y               1        167       553,401         19.5
N.C.             16        116        39,325          1.4
N.D.             48         71           964          0.0
Ohio             18        127        36,766          1.3
Okla.            33        105        12,649          0.4
Ore.             22        114        25,847          0.9
Pa.              13        131        50,565          1.8
R.I.             21         96        30,812          1.1
S.C.             23        114        25,272          0.9
S.D.             50         69           530          0.0
Tenn.            19        118        36,184          1.3
Texas             4        165       250,874          8.8
Utah             41         96         4,929          0.2
Vt.              44         81         3,209          0.1
Va.              12        128        55,561          2.0
Wash.             6        138       115,769          4.1
W.Va.            45         86         3,028          0.1
Wis.             25        116        23,869          0.8
Wyo.             51         65           490          0.0
U.S. Total                 304    $2,838,543        100.0

             Premium
State        Change     ALR (1)    DDCCE (2)

Ala.           16.0      281.0          18.7
Alaska        -23.8       59.1           5.0
Ariz.          15.0       37.8           7.1
Ark.           -5.2       97.6           5.8
Calif.          5.5      102.9           8.6
Colo.           6.5       26.5           4.6
Conn.           5.2       35.2           3.2
Del.           17.7      793.2          13.5
D.C.           25.4       17.0           2.5
Fla.           10.0      101.9           6.7
Ga.            62.8       44.9           3.5
Hawaii          6.7       93.6           9.2
Idaho          -9.5        9.1           1.7
III.           -2.2       51.7           4.9
Ind.          -26.0      -14.7           3.7
Iowa          -15.0      -48.1           2.4
Kan.            8.4       19.8           3.2
Ky.            13.2      185.6           5.5
La.             4.3      202.5          22.1
Maine          -3.4       44.2           1.9
Md.            12.0       55.0           4.3
Mass.           3.3       39.3           4.0
Mich.          -1.4       44.8           8.6
Minn.          15.8       19.3           3.3
Miss.          80.2      411.6          23.8
Mo.             6.7       26.4           3.5
Mont           12.4      -17.9          11.9
Neb.           -5.9       12.4           0.6
Nev.           25.0      599.7           2.2
N.H.           -6.3       37.1           5.6
N.J.            5.0       43.1           4.9
N.M.           12.1       18.1           0.7
N.Y            -5.2       67.0           5.6
N.C.           10.4       45.8           3.2
N.D.           58.8      132.8           6.9
Ohio            7.4       62.6           5.7
Okla.           5.8      461.6           7.9
Ore.           10.7       64.9           3.9
Pa.             3.1       35.5           5.4
R.I.            8.9       50.3           6.1
S.C.            7.4       34.2           4.6
S.D.           -7.3       50.6           0.8
Tenn.           9.3       34.8           1.9
Texas          18.8      180.9           8.3
Utah            3.3       10.7          17.2
Vt.           -10.0       17.2           5.5
Va.             8.6       28.4           6.2
Wash.           5.4       54.9           5.0
W.Va.          33.3      -43.2         -30.0
Wis.           19.5       31.5           4.0
Wyo.           -1.5       47.5           0.5
U.S. Total      5.4       92.7           7.3

                Market Share
            Agency         Direct
State       Writer (1)   Writer (4)

Ala.           90.6        9.4
Alaska         90.1        9.9
Ariz.          79.8       20.2
Ark.           90.0       10.0
Calif.         95.0        5.0
Colo.          84.5       15.5
Conn.          91.2        8.8
Del.           92.3        7.7
D.C.           94.0        6.0
Fla.           92.6        7.4
Ga.            96.5        3.5
Hawaii         77.3       22.7
Idaho          69.3       30.7
III.           95.8        4.2
Ind.           94.7        5.3
Iowa           95.4        4.6
Kan.           71.9       28.1
Ky.            89.0       11.0
La.            93.9        6.1
Maine          90.2        9.8
Md.            96.3        3.7
Mass.          91.5        8.5
Mich.          90.8        9.2
Minn.          84.2       15.8
Miss.          93.7        6.3
Mo.            92.9        7.1
Mont           75.1       24.9
Neb.           92.4        7.6
Nev.           81.9       18.1
N.H.           89.9       10.1
N.J.           93.9        6.1
N.M.           69.5       30.5
N.Y            97.1        2.9
N.C.           90.2        9.8
N.D.           84.7       15.3
Ohio           95.4        4.6
Okla.          85.2       14.8
Ore.           90.3        9.7
Pa.            94.2        5.8
R.I.           89.3       10.7
S.C.           89.9       10.1
S.D.           62.5       37.5
Tenn.          95.0        5.0
Texas          83.0       17.0
Utah           59.7       40.3
Vt.            90.7        9.3
Va.            94.0        6.0
Wash.          88.8       11.2
W.Va.          97.5        2.5
Wis.           92.9        7.1
Wyo.           65.7       34.3
U.S. Total     92.6        7.4

                                           % Market
State        Leading Writer                   Share

Ala.         St. Paul Travelers Group         16.6
Alaska       St. Paul Travelers Group         19.4
Ariz.        Markel Corp Group                13.5
Ark.         Ace INA Group                    22.1
Calif.       Amer Intl Group, Inc             18.6
Colo.        St. Paul Travelers Group         15.6
Conn.        St. Paul Travelers Group         14.5
Del.         Ace INA Group                    20.5
D.C.         Ace INA Group                    43.4
Fla.         Ace INA Group                    20.1
Ga.          Amer Intl Group, Inc             30.7
Hawaii       Nationwide Group                 20.9
Idaho        Farmers Ins Group                18.4
III.         St. Paul Travelers Group         14.8
Ind.         Amer Intl Group, Inc             15.9
Iowa         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group        19.4
Kan.         FM Global Group                  15.5
Ky.          Ace INA Group                    22.2
La.          HCC Ins Holdings                 17.9
Maine        W.R. Berkley Group               21.7
Md.          Seaworthy Ins Co                 32.1
Mass.        Amer Intl Group, Inc             22.1
Mich.        CNA Ins Cos                      15.0
Minn.        Ace INA Group                    15.2
Miss.        Amer Intl Group, Inc             24.9
Mo.          Amer Intl Group, Inc             23.3
Mont         Ace INA Group                    21.1
Neb.         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group        24.2
Nev.         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group        29.6
N.H.         St. Paul Travelers Group         32.7
N.J.         St. Paul Travelers Group         19.1
N.M.         Farmers Ins Group                21.4
N.Y          Amer Steamship Owners Mut        26.6
N.C.         Ace INA Group                    18.2
N.D.         St. Paul Travelers Group         57.2
Ohio         Ace INA Group                    19.8
Okla.        HCC Ins Holdings                 14.4
Ore.         Amer Intl Group, Inc             20.0
Pa.          CNA Ins Cos                      15.7
R.I.         Allianz of America, Inc          24.2
S.C.         St. Paul Travelers Group         20.8
S.D.         Farmers Ins Group                29.4
Tenn.        Amer Intl Group, Inc             49.0
Texas        Amer Intl Group, Inc             13.9
Utah         Farmers Ins Group                13.5
Vt.          Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group        22.3
Va.          CNA Ins Cos                      19.3
Wash.        Chubb Group of Ins Cos           12.6
W.Va.        Ace INA Group                    20.3
Wis.         St. Paul Travelers Group         31.4
Wyo.         Farmers Ins Group                29.0
U.S. Total   Amer Intl Group, Inc             11.4

                                            % Market
State        Second Leader                  Share

Ala.         CNA Ins Cos                      11.2
Alaska       Navigators Ins Group             18.8
Ariz.        Farmers Ins Group                11.9
Ark.         CNA Ins Cos                      11.9
Calif.       Tokio Marine & Nichido Fire      10.2
Colo.        Chubb Group of Ins Cos           10.2
Conn.        CNA Ins Cos                      12.0
Del.         XL America Group                 19.9
D.C.         CNA Ins Cos                      25.5
Fla.         CNA Ins Cos                      12.6
Ga.          Ace INA Group                    15.5
Hawaii       White Mountains Ins Group        15.1
Idaho        CNA Ins Cos                      11.0
III.         Amer Intl Group, Inc             13.1
Ind.         Zurich Finl Svcs NA Group        14.7
Iowa         CNA Ins Cos                      14.7
Kan.         NY Marine Group                  13.6
Ky.          White Mountains Ins Group        13.9
La.          XL America Group                 15.4
Maine        St. Paul Travelers Group         16.1
Md.          CNA Ins Cos                      14.7
Mass.        St. Paul Travelers Group         15.6
Mich.        Ace INA Group                    14.5
Minn.        St. Paul Travelers Group         14.8
Miss.        St. Paul Travelers Group         17.1
Mo.          Allianz of America, Inc          10.9
Mont         St. Paul Travelers Group         16.6
Neb.         CNA Ins Cos                      21.4
Nev.         Ace INA Group                    18.3
N.H.         W.R. Berkley Group               14.8
N.J.         CNA Ins Cos                      13.5
N.M.         CNA Ins Cos                      15.3
N.Y          Allianz of America, Inc          13.2
N.C.         St. Paul Travelers Group         13.9
N.D.         Farmers Ins Group                10.9
Ohio         Allianz of America, Inc          12.1
Okla.        NY Marine Group                  13.4
Ore.         St. Paul Travelers Group         11.7
Pa.          Amer Intl Group, Inc             13.0
R.I.         St. Paul Travelers Group         18.9
S.C.         Ace INA Group                    13.0
S.D.         CNA Ins Cos                      14.0
Tenn.        CNA Ins Cos                      10.7
Texas        NY Marine Group                  10.5
Utah         Liberty Mutual Ins Cos           13.4
Vt.          White Mountains Ins Group        15.5
Va.          St. Paul Travelers Group         14.7
Wash.        Amer Intl Group, Inc             10.2
W.Va.        CNA Ins Cos                      20.0
Wis.         Ace INA Group                    11.6
Wyo.         Ace INA Group                    15.1
U.S. Total   St. Paul Travelers Group         10.3

(1) ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by
the difference between direct premiums earned and dividends
paid to policyholders.

(2) DDCCE: Direct defense and cost-containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3) Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4) Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling
system or an exclusive agency system.

Source: A.M. Best Statement Products: State/Line. For more
information about custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.

Fire & Allied Lines, Top Writers by U.S. State-2005
Rank is based on 2005 direct premiums written.
($ Thousands)

                                              Direct      % of
                               No. of        Premiums      U.S.
State                Rank        Cos.         Written     Total

Ala.                  27          370       $286,774       1.2
Alaska                46          210         59,817       0.3
Ariz.                 35          385        200,408       0.8
Ark.                  29          376        275,019       1.2
Calif.                 1          428      3,206,308      13.5
Colo.                 25          363        298,744       1.3
Conn.                 36          335        190,178       0.8
Del.                  48          302         52,586       0.2
D.C.                  49          263         49,318       0.2
Fla.                   2          426      2,490,730      10.5
Ga.                   10          445        567,412       2.4
Hawaii                39          209        126,154       0.5
Idaho                 41          322         97,007       0.4
III.                   5          499        913,901       3.9
Ind.                  16          451        478,464       2.0
Iowa                  14          369        504,521       2.1
Kan.                  17          383        444,098       1.9
Ky.                   31          400        265,392       1.1
La.                   13          364        506,073       2.1
Maine                 45          267         61,985       0.3
Md.                   33          379        244,307       1.0
Mass.                 19          354        411,397       1.7
Mich.                 12          393        519,552       2.2
Minn.                  8          369        601,131       2.5
Miss.                 30          356        273,925       1.2
Mo.                   15          438        484,787       2.0
Mont.                 37          302        154,747       0.7
Neb.                  22          332        387,627       1.6
Nev.                  38          326        127,019       0.5
N.H.                  47          272         52,601       0.2
N.J.                   9          366        598,975       2.5
N.M.                  43          325         77,435       0.3
N.Y.                   4          458      1,190,221       5.0
N.C.                  11          383        539,138       2.3
N.D.                  23          273        376,189       1.6
Ohio                   7          450        623,781       2.6
Okla.                 32          378        264,481       1.1
Ore.                  34          368        217,602       0.9
Pa.                    6          478        644,817       2.7
R.I.                  44          286         66,720       0.3
S.C.                  21          362        388,696       1.6
S.D.                  28          299        281,674       1.2
Tenn.                 20          423        399,509       1.7
Texas                  3          489      2,339,121       9.9
Utah                  40          328        103,770       0.4
Vt.                   51          255         35,285       0.1
Va.                   24          409        361,474       1.5
Wash.                 18          374        422,707       1.8
W.Va.                 42          311         95,339       0.4
Wis.                  26          406        297,854       1.3
Wyo.                  50          273         38,320       0.2
U.S. Total                       1265    $23,695,089     100.0

                  Premium
State            % Change     ALR (1)      DDCCE (2)

Ala.                 4.6        380.3            4.5
Alaska               2.9         65.8            0.9
Ariz.                7.5         97.6            2.5
Ark.                -2.4         61.2            0.5
Calif.               1.5         44.5            1.6
Colo.               -2.3         46.2            0.0
Conn.              -10.6         22.9            0.1
Del.                 5.1         20.4            0.1
D.C.                -1.5        111.4            0.1
Fla.                13.5        181.8            3.8
Ga.                  1.6         84.7            1.2
Hawaii               6.3         13.0            0.8
Idaho                2.4         36.7            0.1
III.                -2.3         42.0           -1.2
Ind.                 3.9         45.9           -1.2
Iowa                -8.1         33.3            0.2
Kan.                -3.4         54.6            0.7
Ky.                 -1.6         74.5            0.6
La.                  6.9        999.9           37.4
Maine               -2.8         35.2            0.7
Md.                  3.1         56.1            0.9
Mass.                6.8         60.7            1.2
Mich.                4.8         95.4            0.7
Minn.               -9.0         48.9           -0.1
Miss.               -2.0        999.9           20.1
Mo.                  0.9         34.2            0.0
Mont.               30.3         22.9            0.2
Neb.                -6.6         45.7            0.3
Nev.                 9.2        122.8            1.0
N.H.                16.1         25.8            1.0
N.J.                -0.2         46.4            1.3
N.M.                 5.2         68.6            2.2
N.Y.                -2.3         11.5            6.8
N.C.                -2.6         30.6            0.2
N.D.                -4.3         61.1           -0.6
Ohio                 1.7         49.5            0.6
Okla.                2.7         44.7            0.6
Ore.                -1.9         47.8            1.2
Pa.                  3.7         68.9            1.5
R.I.                 1.4         39.7            1.2
S.C.                 3.4         54.5            0.5
S.D.                -4.2         46.1           -0.9
Tenn.                0.2         38.3            0.6
Texas                0.1         86.6            1.6
Utah                -7.3         40.1            0.2
Vt.                 14.4         47.1            0.5
Va.                 -2.1         20.5            0.5
Wash.               -3.9         26.1            1.4
W.Va.                5.3         18.4            0.9
Wis.                -4.7         45.0            0.1
Wyo.                11.5         20.1           -1.2
U.S. Total           1.2        169.0            2.4

                     Market Share
                Agency       Direct
State         Writer (3)    Writer (4)

Ala.                70.7         29.3
Alaska              60.6         39.4
Ariz.               68.4         31.6
Ark.                57.1         42.9
Calif.              79.2         20.8
Colo.               78.4         21.6
Conn.               62.9         37.1
Del.                73.7         26.3
D.C.                66.7         33.3
Fla.                79.3         20.7
Ga.                 72.7         27.3
Hawaii              85.7         14.3
Idaho               75.7         24.3
III.                70.6         29.4
Ind.                77.0         23.0
Iowa                81.1         18.9
Kan.                69.0         31.0
Ky.                 64.3         35.7
La.                 66.3         33.7
Maine               67.2         32.8
Md.                 77.1         22.9
Mass.               72.6         27.4
Mich.               78.8         21.2
Minn.               89.4         10.6
Miss.               69.6         30.4
Mo.                 67.2         32.8
Mont.               76.6         23.4
Neb.                79.5         20.5
Nev.                62.1         37.9
N.H.                66.7         33.3
N.J.                80.4         19.6
N.M.                72.9         27.1
N.Y.                79.2         20.8
N.C.                68.2         31.8
N.D.                72.2         27.8
Ohio                71.1         28.9
Okla.               65.7         34.3
Ore.                57.4         42.6
Pa.                 71.6         28.4
R.I.                70.2         29.8
S.C.                69.6         30.4
S.D.                81.3         18.7
Tenn.               61.4         38.6
Texas               73.7         26.3
Utah                62.6         37.4
Vt.                 64.1         35.9
Va.                 63.7         36.3
Wash.               58.7         41.3
W.Va.               68.6         31.4
Wis.                69.0         31.0
Wyo.                70.1         29.9
U.S. Total          74.0         26.0

                                                    % Market
State         Leading Writer                        Share

Ala.          FM Global Group                        7.7
Alaska        FM Global Group                       12.0
Ariz.         St. Paul Travelers Group              14.6
Ark.          Southern Farm Bureau Group            18.1
Calif.        CA Earthquake Authority               15.7
Colo.         Ace INA Group                         18.7
Conn.         FM Global Group                       16.0
Del.          St. Paul Travelers Group              11.2
D.C.          FM Global Group                       23.0
Fla.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                   8.8
Ga.           Amer Intl Group, Inc                   7.9
Hawaii        Ace INA Group                         16.0
Idaho         Ace INA Group                         15.2
III.          Great Amer P&C Ins Group               8.9
Ind.          Great Amer P&C Ins Group               7.8
Iowa          Ace INA Group                         15.0
Kan.          Ace INA Group                         17.2
Ky.           FM Global Group                       10.3
La.           State Farm Group                       8.9
Maine         FM Global Group                        7.2
Md.           Amer Intl Group, Inc                  15.2
Mass.         FM Global Group                       14.6
Mich.         Auto-Owners Ins Group                 10.3
Minn.         Allianz of America, Inc               20.1
Miss.         Amer Intl Group, Inc                  10.3
Mo.           Ace INA Group                         10.3
Mont.         Ace INA Group                         33.1
Neb.          Ace INA Group                         17.5
Nev.          FM Global Group                       17.8
N.H.          FM Global Group                       10.5
N.J.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                  10.0
N.M.          St. Paul Travelers Group              10.4
N.Y.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                  20.8
N.C.          NC Farm Bureau Ins Group               9.9
N.D.          Ace INA Group                         18.8
Ohio          FM Global Group                        8.3
Okla.         Centurion Ins Group                   10.0
Ore.          FM Global Group                       12.4
Pa.           FM Global Group                       11.4
R.I.          FM Global Group                       10.9
S.C.          Ace INA Group                          8.1
S.D.          Ace INA Group                         28.6
Tenn.         FM Global Group                       11.5
Texas         Germania Mutual Group                  7.3
Utah          Balboa Ins Group                      13.5
Vt.           Amer Intl Group, Inc                  16.6
Va.           St. Paul Travelers Group              12.8
Wash.         FM Global Group                       11.9
W.Va.         St. Paul Travelers Group               7.1
Wis.          FM Global Group                       11.3
Wyo.          Allianz of America, Inc               15.0
U.S. Total    Amer Intl Group, Inc                   7.1

                                                    % Market
State         Second Leader                         Share

Ala.          St. Paul Travelers Group               6.0
Alaska        State Farm Group                       8.5
Ariz.         FM Global Group                        9.6
Ark.          FM Global Group                        6.7
Calif.        Amer Intl Group, Inc                   8.5
Colo.         St. Paul Travelers Group               7.6
Conn.         St. Paul Travelers Group              10.7
Del.          Allianz of America, Inc               10.3
D.C.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                  17.9
Fla.          Fidelity Nat Grouly                    5.1
Ga.           St. Paul Travelers Group               7.6
Hawaii        Amer Intl Group, Inc                  14.3
Idaho         Amer Agri-Business Ins Co              9.9
III.          FM Global Group                        7.9
Ind.          NAU Country Ins Co                     6.6
Iowa          FMH Ins Group                         10.4
Kan.          Centurion Ins Group                   12.4
Ky.           Underwriters at Lloyd's                5.8
La.           Fidelity Natl Group                    8.0
Maine         Liberty Mutual Ins Cos                 6.6
Md.           St. Paul Travelers Group              10.3
Mass.         St. Paul Travelers Group              10.3
Mich.         Allianz of America, Inc                8.6
Minn.         North Star Cos Group                   7.2
Miss.         Southern Farm Bureau Group             9.9
Mo.           FM Global Group                        7.5
Mont.         Centurion Ins Group                   12.7
Neb.          Farmers Alliance Cos                  16.2
Nev.          St. Paul Travelers Group              14.5
N.H.          Andover Cos                            6.9
N.J.          Selective Ins Group                    8.9
N.M.          Amer Intl Group, Inc                   8.4
N.Y.          St. Paul Travelers Group              10.5
N.C.          Allianz of America, Inc                9.4
N.D.          Centurion Ins Group                   18.4
Ohio          Centurion Ins Group                    7.4
Okla.         St. Paul Travelers Group               9.3
Ore.          Ace INA Group                          7.9
Pa.           Amer Intl Group, Inc                   9.6
R.I.          St. Paul Travelers Group               9.7
S.C.          FM Global Group                        6.7
S.D.          Centurion Ins Group                   14.8
Tenn.         TN Farmers Ins Cos                    11.0
Texas         Amer Intl Group, Inc                   6.7
Utah          FM Global Group                       12.2
Vt.           FM Global Group                        8.4
Va.           FM Global Group                        9.2
Wash.         State Farm Group                       6.4
W.Va.         FM Global Group                        6.7
Wis.          Centurion Ins Group                    9.6
Wyo.          St. Paul Travelers Group              10.1
U.S. Total    FM Global Group                        6.0

(1) ALR: Adjusted loss ratio is direct losses incurred divided by
the difference between direct premiums earned and dividends paid
to policyholders.

(2) DDCCE: Direct defense and cost-containment expense ratio is the
former allocated loss adjustment expense (ALAE) ratio.

(3) Insurers that distribute primarily through independent agents.

(4) Insurers that distribute primarily through a direct-selling system
or an exclusive agency system.

Source: A.M. Best Statement Products: State/Line. For more
information about custom data, call (908) 439-2200, ext. 5383.
COPYRIGHT 2006 A.M. Best Company, Inc.
No portion of this article can be reproduced without the express written permission from the copyright holder.
Copyright 2006, Gale Group. All rights reserved. Gale Group is a Thomson Corporation Company.

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Title Annotation:Property/Casualty
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Publication:Best's Review
Date:Dec 1, 2006
Words:9895
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