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A night at the opera: a glimpse at some eighteenth-century theatricals.


From the moment that they were first performed in the 1730s, the eight operas of Antonio Jose da Silva found great favour with his audiences. In the short term, this very popularity seems to have led, however, to their being squirrelled away. According to according to
prep.
1. As stated or indicated by; on the authority of: according to historians.

2. In keeping with: according to instructions.

3.
 Francisco Luis Ameno:

nao satisfeitos muitos dos curiosos com as ouvirem cotidianamente repetir, passavam a copia-las, conservando ao depois estas copias com uma tal avareza, que se faziam invisiveis para aqueles que desejavam na leitura delas, uns apagar o desejo de as lerem pelas terem ouvido, outros renovar a recreacao com que no mesmo teatro as viram representadas.

It was in order to make them available once again to the public, that Francisco Luis Ameno brought them together for the first time, in the two-volume Teatro Comico Portugues of 1744. His edition, later expanded to four volumes, was followed by others all through the eighteenth century, not only from his own press but also from that of Inacio Rodrigues (1746), and of Simao Tadeu Ferreira (1788-92), a clear indication of the continued demand for such works.

However, evidence from the last quarter of the century suggests that either the printed editions did not put a stop to private copying, or that the theatre lovers themselves resorted to copying when the printed editions became scarce. Some five years before the 1788 reprint reprint An individually bound copy of an article in a journal or science communication  of Teatro Comico Portugues, six of da Silva's operas were copied by one Antonio Jose de Oliveira, over the period 16 September 1782 to 29 March 1783. (2) As neither of the two omitted operas, Os Encantos de Medeia and Guerras do Alecrim e Mangerona, is listed in the index at the back of the manuscript, it must be assumed that the copyist either did not choose to copy them, or that he did not have an edition available. The omission of Os Encantos de Medeia (hereinafter here·in·af·ter  
adv.
In a following part of this document, statement, or book.


hereinafter
Adverb

Formal or law from this point on in this document, matter, or case

Adv. 1.
 Encantos) is curious, given its popularity. As Jacqueline Monfort's researches in the Lisbon Diarios demonstrated, this work, with music by Antonio Teixeira, had a long and successful first season, being performed at the Bairro Alto Bairro Alto (literally upper quarter in Portuguese) is an area of central Lisbon, Portugal. It functions as a residential, shopping and entertainment district. Bairro Alto is one of the oldest districts of Lisbon, and it used to have a poor reputation until not so long ago.  theatre from May to late December 1735. Shortly afterwards, in 1736, Joao Cardoso da Costa The surname da Costa derives from the Portuguese word for coast. It may refer to:
  • Emanuel Mendez da Costa (1717 – 1791), English botanist, naturalist, philosopher, and collector
  • Benjamin Mendes da Costa (1803-1868), English/Australian philanthropist
 refers to it in the title of his sonnet sonnet, poem of 14 lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. There are two prominent types: the Italian, or Petrarchan, sonnet, composed of an octave and a sestet (rhyming abbaabba cdecde , 'Vendo humas Senhoras representar os encantos de Medea' (4). Then there is the well-known reference in Correia Garcao's one-act comedy, Teatro Novo, when the characters are discussing which plays to perform in their projected new theatre. Branca declares:
   Eu sou de parecer que so se facam
   As portuguesas operas impressas
   Encantos de Medeia, Precipicios
   de Faetonte, Alecrim e Mangerona.
   Em outras nunca achei galantaria. (5)


In both instances, it is explicit that the performers are not puppets, as in the original production, but human beings, and give weight to Ameno's suggestion that the 'curiosos' of Lisbon wanted to relive re·live  
v. re·lived, re·liv·ing, re·lives

v.tr.
To undergo or experience again, especially in the imagination.

v.intr.
To live again.
 the experience themselves not just by reading, but also by performing the operas.

As Manuel Carlos de Brito has shown, there is a wealth of material about theatre and opera from later in the century detailing not only what was performed, where and by whom, but also what gave a production popular appeal. (6) A playbill play·bill  
n.
A poster announcing a theatrical performance.


playbill
Noun

a poster or bill advertising a play

Noun 1.
 of 1770 announces a performance by puppets of the tragedy, D. Ignes de Castro, 'adornada de Excelentes e agradavel/ Muzica'. Another, of April 1780, for the Teatro da Rua dos Condes, advertises a drama, Olinta ou o Templo de Amor, also performed by 'figuras Arteficiaes'. Not only was the play new, but 'todo o Sce-/nario he novo e agradavel como tambem a Muzica, e/Vestuario sendo este o mais brilhante e completo que/se pode executar'. A third playbill, dated July 1779, for 'os emcantos de medeya' also dwells less on the text than on the spectacle in store: 'com todas as Tramoyas e muzica erzicutada/por milhores ealguns diferentes curiozos e professores/da milhor aceitacam Ja vista Havera no dezembarque hua vistosa tropa de melicia esta marchara acompa-/nhada de [Extrum.sup.tos] [...]'. (7)

Further evidence about the popularity of, and the Lisbon public's familiarity with, Encantos has, however, recently come to light for the first time. In the very box containing the above mentioned playbills, hidden in an obscure bundle of fragments, I discovered an anonymous comedy in manuscript, which centres on a performance of the opera. (8) A true example of teatro de cordel, the manuscript consists of six unnumbered folded sheets of paper, sewn with thread, and bears the date of its exemption from censorship by the Real Mesa Censoria, on 7 October 1782, attested to by three signatures. Written in a typical eighteenth-century hand, with the same unstable spelling that the playbills demonstrate, the pale brown ink is almost entirely legible leg·i·ble  
adj.
1. Possible to read or decipher: legible handwriting.

2. Plainly discernible; apparent: legible weaknesses in character and disposition.
, except where the binding obscures some stage directions. There is no title, nor plot summary, nor list of interlocutores or figuras. The play begins on fol. 2r, and the last two pages (fols 11v-12v) are blank. There are two scenes, or mutacoes (the older term is used): a Lisbon street, and a room in a house; the second scene itself contains a mutacao occasioned by the opera's plot.

The action begins with two young men, Roberto and Fernando, mocking the absurdities of women and of fashion, before discussing the evening's entertainment. Roberto is planning to attend a comedy, to be put on at the house of two young women (known to both men), whose father has recently died while away from home. Enter Lourenco, the girls' servant, and they question him about the forthcoming event. Roberto definitely decides to go along, but Fernando declines. After they leave, Lourenco is amazed a·maze  
v. a·mazed, a·maz·ing, a·maz·es

v.tr.
1. To affect with great wonder; astonish. See Synonyms at surprise.

2. Obsolete To bewilder; perplex.

v.intr.
 to see his master, Afonso, whom he thought dead, coming towards him. Although Afonso is Afonso I
 known as Afonso the Conqueror

(born 1109/11, Guimarães, Port.—died Dec. 6, 1185, Coimbra) First king of Portugal (1139–85).
 not so surprised that his daughters are capable of putting on a comedy instead of grieving grieving Mourning, see there  in a more orthodox fashion, he is horrified hor·ri·fy  
tr.v. hor·ri·fied, hor·ri·fy·ing, hor·ri·fies
1. To cause to feel horror. See Synonyms at dismay.

2. To cause unpleasant surprise to; shock.
 to learn that his house is to be the venue. After telling Lourenco to keep quiet about his reappearance Re`ap`pear´ance   

n. 1. A second or new appearance; the act or state of appearing again.

Noun 1. reappearance - the event of something appearing again; "the reappearance of Halley's comet"
, he goes in search of a representative of the Law.

The second scene opens with Cosme, Afonso's brother and host for the evening, welcoming his guests and talking to Noun 1. talking to - a lengthy rebuke; "a good lecture was my father's idea of discipline"; "the teacher gave him a talking to"
lecture, speech

rebuke, reprehension, reprimand, reproof, reproval - an act or expression of criticism and censure; "he had to
 Roberto. The orchestra tunes up, the curtain rises on the first scene of da Silva's Encantos, and a truncated truncated adjective Shortened  version of the opera gets under way. At the moment when the audience is applauding a duet between Jason and Medeia, there is a loud shout oCstage: the local Alcaide al·cai·de also al·cay·de  
n.
The commander or governor of a fortress in Spain or Portugal.



[Spanish, from Arabic al-q
 demands entrance, as the comedy has been put on without the requisite licence. Chaos ensues as he storms in with bailiffs, soldiers and Afonso, threatening death by fire or noose for all present. After much bluster, he is persuaded by Afonso to restore the reputation of the household by betrothing the daughters to their gallants, the young men playing Jason and Teseu. In recompense RECOMPENSE. A reward for services; remuneration for goods or other property.
     2. In maritime law there is a distinction between recompense and restitution. (q.v.
, the Alcaide asks for a dozen nice plump pigs, and bids a cheerful farewell to the company, reminding them all to behave themselves.

The stereotypical characters, largely predictable action, and feeble literary quality of this comedy are symptomatic of a dramatic tradition that had outstayed its welcome but that still found favour with a popular audience. Crudely sketched characters, absurd action, and puerile puerile /pu·er·ile/ (pu´er-il) pertaining to childhood or to children; childish.  puns and word play, however, are only part of the story. It is clear that this comedy would entail considerable forces to recreate even a partial performance of Encantos, with a sizeable orchestra, six actors (two of them singers), and stage effects. Such a spectacle was, as we have seen from the contemporary playbills, still irresistible to the Lisbon public. It is also worth noting that although da Silva's spoken dialogue is quoted elliptically el·lip·tic   or el·lip·ti·cal
adj.
1. Of, relating to, or having the shape of an ellipse.

2. Containing or characterized by ellipsis.

3.
a.
 and with several errors, the sung text (three recitatives and a duet) is almost exactly as in the original. The accurate reproduction of these items could suggest that the music for Encantos was still known and played, so that the audience would expect to hear 'the proper words'. On the other hand, the prose speeches, in addition to being very reduced, are shorn shorn  
v.
A past participle of shear.


shorn
Verb

a past participle of shear

Adj. 1.
 of the brilliant wit and colour for which da Silva is noted. Might we have here an instance of the very situation that Ameno tried to overcome, that of theatre lovers making their own, and in this case inferior, copy of the original libretto libretto (ləbrĕt`ō) [Ital.,=little book], the text of an opera or an oratorio. Although a play usually emphasizes an integrated plot, a libretto is most often a loose plot connecting a series of episodes. ? For all these reasons, this slight theatrical piece contains much of interest as regards subject matter, social comment, and theatrical performance.

Roberto and Fernando, mildly misogynistic mi·sog·y·nis·tic   also mi·sog·y·nous
adj.
Of or characterized by a hatred of women.

Adj. 1. misogynistic - hating women in particular
misogynous

ill-natured - having an irritable and unpleasant disposition
 and short of money, immediately reveal their Plautine ancestry. In Fernando's opinion, women are uppity because of their extravagant hairstyles. He is also wary of the expense of feeding them. Indeed, it emerges that this was the reason why he avoided marrying one of the daughters. The picture he conjures up of these two high-spirited girls is most entertaining. As well as having the usual domestic accomplishments of sewing and cooking, they enjoy singing suggestive songs, acting and dancing. With their father gone and boyfriends at the door, these particular mice are all set to play.

Lourenco, gracioso gra·ci·o·so  
n. pl. gra·ci·o·sos
A clown or buffoon in Spanish comedies.



[Spanish, amiable, clown, from Latin gr
, is more valuable as a source of information than of humour. He is dismissive about the social standing of the audience, especially of its female members (wives and daughters Wives and Daughters is a novel by Elizabeth Gaskell, first published in the Cornhill Magazine as a serial from August 1864 to January 1866. When Mrs Gaskell died suddenly in 1865, it was not quite complete, and the last section was written by Frederick Greenwood.  of sundry tradesmen and craftsmen): although the house is already crammed cram  
v. crammed, cram·ming, crams

v.tr.
1. To force, press, or squeeze into an insufficient space; stuff.

2. To fill too tightly.

3.
a. To gorge with food.
 full, 'nao esta muita gente'. However, he is more enthusiastic about the entertainment itself and the composition of the orchestra, of which he himself will be a member. The freelance nature of musical employment comes vividly to life as he assures Fernando that there will be lots of violins, 'apenaram-se todas as [rabecas] que se acham terca-feira no Rossio para esta funcao'. This ad hoc For this purpose. Meaning "to this" in Latin, it refers to dealing with special situations as they occur rather than functions that are repeated on a regular basis. See ad hoc query and ad hoc mode.  orchestra, though, has a full complement of sections: string, woodwind, brass and percussion, as well as a harpsichord harpsichord, stringed musical instrument played from a keyboard. Its strings, two or more to a note, are plucked by quills or jacks. The harpsichord originated in the 14th cent. and by the 16th cent. Venice was the center of its manufacture. , organs, and harps. (9)

However, it is the stage effects and incidents that are the main selling point selling point
n.
An aspect of a product or service that is stressed in advertising or marketing.

Noun 1. selling point - a characteristic of something that is up for sale that makes it attractive to potential customers
, as far as the servant is concerned. Not only will a mountain rise up and separate the two lovers at a crucial moment, but the stage eCects manager, the 'maquinista', is reported to have something special up his sleeve: at the end of the play everyone and everything will be made to disappear. Lourenco's remarks bear witness to the continuing fascination for eighteenth-century Lisbon audiences of stage eCects so clever that they were held to have some diabolic force behind them. It is worth noting that, according to the Lisbon Diario of 29 July 1738, the Inquisition Inquisition (ĭn'kwĭzĭsh`ən), tribunal of the Roman Catholic Church established for the investigation of heresy. The Medieval Inquisition


In the early Middle Ages investigation of heresy was a duty of the bishops.
 inspected the 'coriosos movimentos' of the extremely lifelike puppets. (10)

That the anonymous author of this comedy knew other operas by da Silva is indicated by Lourenco's reaction at seeing Afonso. It bears some resemblance to the scene in Labirinto de Creta where Esfuziote encounters his master Teseu in the Labyrinth labyrinth (lăb`ərĭnth), intricate building of chambers and passages, often constructed so as to perplex and confuse a person inside. , believing that he is seeing his ghost. Lourenco's news that Afonso's daughters are offering a suffrage suffrage: see ballot; election; franchise; voting; woman suffrage.  to his soul in the form of a comedy also echoes Esfuziote's informing Teseu that the latter's death is to be celebrated by a masked ball. (11) But whereas Lourenco is free to criticize his mistresses ('as filhas de Vossa Merce sao as filhas do Diacho'), Esfuziote was in no position to censure A formal, public reprimand for an infraction or violation.

From time to time deliberative bodies are forced to take action against members whose actions or behavior runs counter to the group's acceptable standards for individual behavior. In the U.S.
 the princesses Ariadna and Fedra, not being their servant.

Afonso, foolish and stingy stin·gy  
adj. stin·gi·er, stin·gi·est
1. Giving or spending reluctantly.

2. Scanty or meager: a stingy meal; stingy with details about the past.
, is also a character out of Plautus, and thus a near relative of D. Lancerote of Guerras do Alecrim e Mangerona. The paltry pal·try  
adj. pal·tri·er, pal·tri·est
1. Lacking in importance or worth. See Synonyms at trivial.

2. Wretched or contemptible.
 coins he gives Lourenco to encourage him to keep quiet about his return will not buy much of an overcoat, while the further bribe BRIBE, crim. law. The gift or promise, which is accepted, of some advantage, as the inducement for some illegal act or omission; or of some illegal emolument, as a consideration, for preferring one person to another, in the performance of a legal act.  of a old blanket with which to make a jacket and trousers, is hardly munificent. Less stereotypical, though, is his exclamation at hearing about the play ('Uma comedia em minha casa? Estou perdido'), revealing the suspicion and disdain with which such works were viewed. His over-reaction, wanting to hang himself in shame, indicates that the gallows GALLOWS. An erection on which to bang criminals condemned to death.  were an evergreen source of amusement to the audience. (12) The Alcaide's obsesssion with hanging, in the second scene, confirms this point.

The stage directions for the next mutacao, in the house, provide interesting information. The orchestra sits to one side of the room, the ladies and some guests are seated on chairs, while other members of the audience walk up and down. At the back of the room is the curtained-off stage, and, when the orchestra starts to play, the curtain rises. Even allowing for distortion and exaggeration in the service of comedy, it is likely that the information about the placing of the orchestra, and the behaviour of the audience reflect the reality. We are given a glimpse of that age of easy contact between audience and performers, when the former was still entitled to advise and interrupt the latter. The busybody bus·y·bod·y  
n. pl. bus·y·bod·ies
A person who meddles or pries into the affairs of others.


busybody
Noun

pl -bodies a meddlesome, prying, or officious person
 Cosme calls the musicians' attention to the actors, directs them to play with gusto GUSTO Cardiology A series of clinical trials that have examined a series of strategies to reduce the M&M of acute MI; the GUSTOs include: Global Utilization of Streptokinase & tPA for Occluded coronary arteries trial–GUSTO I; Global Use of Strategies  and, if there are insufficient chairs, to sit one on top of the other. As the orchestra tunes up he encourages the musicians to overcome their nerves, and then tactlessly tact·less  
adj.
Lacking or exhibiting a lack of tact; bluntly inconsiderate or indiscreet.



tactless·ly adv.
 draws attention to that perennial occupational hazard occupational hazard n. a danger or risk inherent in certain employments or workplaces, such as deep-sea diving, cutting timber, high-rise steel construction, high-voltage electrical wiring, use of pesticides, painting bridges, and many factories.  of the horn player, splitting a note. His comment on Jason's first recitative recitative (rĕs'ĭtətēv`), musical declamation for solo voice, used in opera and oratorio for dialogue and for narration. Its development at the close of the 16th cent. made possible the rise of opera.  ('Tem fraca voz, mas gorgoleja muito bem') shows a musical moron mo·ron
n.
A person of mild mental retardation having a mental age of from 7 to 12 years and generally having communication and social skills enabling some degree of academic or vocational education.
 impressed by the highly ornamented singing still in vogue, whereas Roberto is, understandably, more concerned that the singer is not in tune. Further on in the scene, Medeia's recitative is applauded, but Roberto once again oCers an ironic comment on the easily pleased audience.

In the same way that the speeches and singing are direct quotations Noun 1. direct quotation - a report of the exact words used in a discourse (e.g., "he said `I am a fool'")
direct discourse

report, account - the act of informing by verbal report; "he heard reports that they were causing trouble"; "by all accounts they were
 of the original Encantos, the stage directions given in the comedy repeat the original. This is unfortunate in that they provide no extra-textual indication of how the effects, such as the mountain coming between Jason and Creusa, are managed. However, when the opera is interrupted by the Alcaide demanding to be let in, there is a most informative stage direction: 'Saltam os comicos do teatro abaixo'; it indicates that the stage is raised sufficiently high for the performers to have to jump down on to the floor, and that the term 'teatro' was reserved for the performing area alone, and not for the whole room.

With the noisy entry of the Alcaide, the action focuses on another stalwart Stalwart

A description of companies that have large capitalizations and provide investors with slow but steady and dependable growth prospects.

Notes:
The annual gain that would be viewed as the norm for investing in stalwarts is about 10% to 12%.
 of comedy, the over-zealous and whimsical whim·si·cal  
adj.
1. Determined by, arising from, or marked by whim or caprice. See Synonyms at arbitrary.

2. Erratic in behavior or degree of unpredictability: a whimsical personality.
 dispenser of the law. Descendant of Gil Vicente's judges and of da Silva's own Sancho Panca, this Alcaide, armed with wand of oBce and negligible macarronic Latin, regards acting as a criminal activity worthy of the gallows. Pausing briefly to appraise appraise v. to professionally evaluate the value of property including real estate, jewelry, antique furniture, securities, or in certain cases the loss of value (or cost of replacement) due to damage.  the daughters of the house, he harangues the young gallants but is finally persuaded by Afonso to marry them to his daughters. To complete the stereotype, this guardian of public morals prefers his bribe to take edible form. (13) Now full of good will, with a feast in view, he is as happy to take the rest of the guests off to the gallows as he is to respect Afonso's wish that everyone should be allowed to go free.

The descent into chaos of these amateur operatics op·er·at·ics  
n. (used with a sing. or pl. verb)
Exaggerated behavior of a type associated with grand opera; histrionics.
 must have given many a laugh to its Lisbon audience when and if it was performed. More important to our present perspective, though, is that this indirect homage by an anonymous author confirms anew the individuality of the ever effervescent ef·fer·vesce  
intr.v. ef·fer·vesced, ef·fer·vesc·ing, ef·fer·vesc·es
1. To emit small bubbles of gas, as a carbonated or fermenting liquid.

2. To escape from a liquid as bubbles; bubble up.

3.
 Antonio Jose da Silva.

The following criteria have been used to modernize the text: abbreviations have been written out in full; intervocalic in·ter·vo·cal·ic  
adj.
Occurring between vowels.
 and etymological et·y·mo·log·i·cal   also et·y·mo·log·ic
adj.
Of or relating to etymology or based on the principles of etymology.



et
 'h' has been eliminated (e.g. ahi = ai, hisso = isso); double letters have been eliminated and single letters doubled where necessary (e.g. elle = ele, arenegado = arrenegado); superfluous, intervocalic 'j' has been eliminated (e.g. meijo = meio); the spelling of nasal vowels A nasal vowel is a vowel that is produced with a lowering of the velum so that air escapes both through nose as well as the mouth. The term stands in opposition to the term "oral vowel" refers to an ordinary vowel without this nasalisation.  and dipthongs has been modernized (e.g. hu = um, emquanto = enquanto, nao = nao); vocalic vo·cal·ic  
adj.
1. Containing, marked by, or consisting of vowels.

2. Of, relating to, or having the nature of a vowel.



vo·cal
 and consonantal con·so·nan·tal  
adj.
1. Of, relating to, or having the nature of a consonant.

2. Containing a consonant or consonants.



con
 groups have been modernized as follows:
   i-e: pintiados = penteados
   e-i: redicula = ridicula
   ao-au: naos = naus
   eo-eu: Tezeo = Teseu
   oa-ua: agoa = agua
   th-t: theatro = teatro
   z-s: caza = casa
   s-z: ves = vez
   x-ch: xorado = chorado
   ss-c: fassa = faca
   s-c: sertos = certos
   c-s: cerio = serio
   c-ss: impocivel = impossivel
   c-s: concumir = consumir
   j-g: jente = gente


The equivalence of 'ou' and 'oi' has been maintained (e.g. 'noute', 'cousa'). The third person plural verb ending '-ao' has been modernized to '-am'. The use of the personal pronoun personal pronoun
n.
A pronoun designating the person speaking (I, me, we, us), the person spoken to (you), or the person or thing spoken about (he, she, it, they, him, her, them).
 'lhe' for both singular and plural has been maintained, as has the popular form of the second person singular verb ('deixastes'). Hyphens have been added, to separate word groups (aeste = a este) and to link the enclitic enclitic

having the planes of the fetal head inclined to those of the maternal pelvis.
 pronoun pronoun, in English, the part of speech used as a substitute for an antecedent noun that is clearly understood, and with which it agrees in person, number, and gender.  to the verb (e.g. vaise = vai-se). Although accentuation has been modernized, I have not made all the punctuation conform to Verb 1. conform to - satisfy a condition or restriction; "Does this paper meet the requirements for the degree?"
fit, meet

coordinate - be co-ordinated; "These activities coordinate well"
 current usage, especially in regard to colons, semicolons, question marks and exclamation marks. Whilst trying to avoid a proliferation proliferation /pro·lif·er·a·tion/ (pro-lif?er-a´shun) the reproduction or multiplication of similar forms, especially of cells.prolif´erativeprolif´erous

pro·lif·er·a·tion
n.
 of capital letters, I have retained them for forms of address, names, and nouns which carry symbolic or humorous significance, and have changed lower case to capital letters at the start of each speech, and where the sense requires it in the recitatives and arias. In one case, where Medeia's recitative runs on, I have organized it into singing phrases in the same way as Jason's recitatives. The layout of the manuscript as regards stage directions has been respected. I have been sparing in correcting errors, given that this is not an erudite er·u·dite  
adj.
Characterized by erudition; learned. See Synonyms at learned.



[Middle English erudit, from Latin
 text. There remain a few instances where the reading is uncertain, and these are indicated by square brackets. (14)

Roberto e Fernando

Roberto Senhor Se`nhor´

n. 1. A Portuguese title of courtesy corresponding to the Spanish señor or the English Mr. or sir; also, a gentleman.

Noun 1.
 Fernando, tenha Vossa Merce muito boas festas em companhia de suas manas muito minhas senhoras.

FERNANDO Senhor Roberto, tenha Vossa Merce as mesmas em companhia do seu cao; que e, suponho, toda a sua familia This article is about the Polish political party. For other uses, see Familia (disambiguation).
Familia ("The Family," from the Romain familia
.

ROBERTO Na verdade, que sempre sem·pre  
adv. Music
In the same manner throughout. Used chiefly as a direction.



[Italian, always, from Latin semper; see sem-1 in Indo-European roots.]
 quis viver so, ja me intentaram casar, mas nao foi para [meu] prato: (15) ter de aturar mulheres e a coisa pior que ha no mundo; cada vez me parece que estao mais impertinentes em consumir os pobres maridos.

FERNANDO Essa e a verdade. Estas continuadas modas sao a causa de tudo; a sua impertinencia provem dos seus penteados: pois estes agora que usam de tudo a uma banda chamados Assembleias; sao boa fazenda Fazenda is a Portuguese word for 'farm', but is used in the English language for the coffee estates that spread within the interior of Brazil between 1840 and 1896, which created major export commodities for Brazilian trade, but also led to intensification of slavery in Brazil. : parece-me sempre, que andam com as caras inchadas, ou que sao carecas de um lado pois uns certos mantiletes (16) que usam, tao galantes, parecemme cortinas estendidas por janelas, por onde passa aparicao.

ROBERTO Tambem fora bom, que os homens tivessem reforma nos seus modos costumes.

FERNANDO Oh, enquanto aos nossos casquilhos, muito tinha que falar deles; mas eu creio que brevemente nao ficara um so em Lisboa.

ROBERTO E o motivo.

FERNANDO O motivo? Como eles sao tao leves de juizo, tao leves de trastes, tao leves de dinheiro; isto e Inverno: com qualquer rabanada de vento vao todos pelos ares.

ROBERTO Enganai-vos, so as arrobas de povilhos que eles trazem metidas nas tais castanholas e cousa de muito peso.

FERNANDO Creio certamente, que foi penitencia que derao aos nossos [pelimetros], [17] de trazerem um colchao as costas. Mas deixemos a critica, cada um viva como quiser, que a mim, nao me importa neste mundo, mais que tres coisas; quais sao, eu, o cao, e o cavalo; mas dizeime, onde ides esta noute diverti-vos?

ROBERTO Vou aqui a casa destas mocas que moram aqui para tras, as quais lhe morreu o Pai, dizem que fora da Terra; fazem uma comedia aonde entram varios tratantes que vao a sua casa a chichisbia-las. (18)

FERNANDO Elas entram na comedia certamente: porque os Diachos das raparigas sao prendadas; elas cantam suas modas.

ROBERTO Algumas bem marotas.

FERNANDO Dancam o seu amavel porpontos, a sua filhota de repenicados; (19) tocam cravo com martelos, cosem, bordam, fazem botoes de camisa, doce, e para temperar agua quente com acucar, ainda nao vi outras como elas: eu ja estive para fazer a asneira de casar em uma--mas ... nao sei que ... lhe achei ... em fim parece-me que ela padece fome canina.

ROBERTO Uma mulher assim e custosa de sustentar; mas oh, ai vem o criado delas, e dele de·le  
n.
A sign indicating that something is to be removed from printed or written matter.

tr.v. de·led, de·le·ing, de·les
1. To remove, especially from printed or written matter; delete.

2.
 poderemos saber se sao horas de ir.

Sai See Statement of Additional Information.  Lourenco

LOURENCO Guarda de diante, que leva azeite.

FERNANDO Oh Lourenco.

LOURENCO Que e isso la.

FERNANDO Esta ja em casa muita gente para ver a comedia?

LOURENCO Oh, esta gente mesmo como cuscus cuscus: see phalanger. .

ROBERTO Estao la muitas senhoras?

LOURENCO Oh, ja esta la a comadre de casa, estao as netas do Senhorio, estao a filha da Estanqueira, e a vezinha Teceloa.

ROBERTO E as senhoras de Dom, ja estao la?

LOURENCO Ja la estao.

ROBERTO Como se chamam?

LOURENCO Esta D. Fufia de Sa, mulher do tanoeiro, a D. Frigida de Carcavelos, a filha do Contratador do Carruncho, esta a rendeira das Brabas, esta D. Rebola, filha do Capataz dos Carvoeiros, esta a Dona das Donas, nao esta muita gente.

FERNANDO Tem boa orquestra, muitas rabecas?

LOURENCO Rabecas bao faltam, apenaram-se todas as que se acham terca-feira no Rossio para esta funcao.

ROBERTO A mim parece que sera lustrosa.

LOURENCO A funcao ha de ser asseada; tem bons baixos; um cravo do Maranhao, e tres orgaos com os seus foles; temos la muita trompa, fagotes, clarins, violas, pandeiros, e ha entao mais duas arpas em que toco eu, e meu irmao mais velho.

FERNANDO Como se intitula a comedia?

LOURENCO Nao sei.

ROBERTO Nao sei, nunca ouvi nomear semelhante comedia. Ja vejo que ha de ter muitas asneiras.

LOURENCO Podera ser que por isso agrade mais, olhe, ela tem bons lancos: tem um onde esta ele, mais ela, e ao depois, vem um Monte pelo meio dele, e dela, e fica ele arrenegado por amor dela: Oh, isso e melhor lanco que se pode dar.

ROBERTO Tem Tramoias, isso ha de ser bom.

LOURENCO Esta la um maquinista, que tem feito cousas do Diabo; diz ele que tem determinado, que no fim da comedia vao o teatro, os comicos, os convidados, e a casa, tudo por ares, e ventos.

ROBERTO Fora. Eu nao vou la.

FERNANDO Nao: eu tampouco.

ROBERTO Mas isto sera graca, deixar-me ir antes que fique sem lugar: Adeus, amigo. (Vai-se)

FERNANDO Adeus, regali-vos. (Vai-se)

LOURENCO Aonde Diacho, poderei dar com este homem que aluga trastes para os levar para a funcao ... mas que e o que vejo? ai ... este nao e o Senhor Afonso meu amo; ... que [dariam] que era morto; ai, os cabelos se me arrepiam ... o andar ... o modo ...

Sai Afonso

AFONSO Meu Lourenco ...

LOURENCO Ai que e a alma de meu amo, ... (Cai e Cai E or Tsai Ao (Traditional Chinese: 蔡鍔; Simplified Chinese: 蔡锷  entra a tremer)

AFONSO Lourenco, que tens?

LOURENCO Ai que me mataram.

AFONSO Ninguem te ofende.

LOURENCO Aqui delRei contra meu amo morto.

AFONSO Morto? Eu ainda nao morri.

LOURENCO Nao morreu?

AFONSO Nao; estou vivo ainda.

LOURENCO Veja la o que disse da parte delRei.

AFONSO Esta e a verdade. Umas falsas noticias e que fizeram crer toda esta cidade do meu falecimento.

LOURENCO Entao como esta vivo, de ca um abraco: abracou-se o asno com a arnichoeira. (Abracam-se)

AFONSO Ora, como estao minhas filhas?

LOURENCO Como? Muito boas!

AFONSO Choraram muito por mim julgando certa a minha morte?

LOURENCO Tem chorado fortemente e para sufragios da sua Alma determinaram esta noute fazer uma comedia.

AFONSO Como? minhas filhas?

LOURENCO Sim senhor, suas filhas; eu bem lhe disse; antes me embebedem a mim, e aturem as minhas bebedeiras por alma de meu amo, do que fazer-lhe por exequias uma comedia.

AFONSO Minhas filhas foram capazes ...

LOURENCO Sim senhor, as filhas de Vossa Merce sao as filhas do Diacho.

Passam rapazes com instrumentos as costas

AFONSO Para onde vai tanta Tanta (tän`tä), city (1986 pop. 336,517), capital of Gharbiyah governorate, N Egypt, in the Nile River delta. It is a cotton-ginning center and the main railroad hub of the delta.  gente?

LOURENCO Vao para a funcao la de casa. Vossa Merce suponho que ha de ir ver?

AFONSO E que gente esta la com minhas filhas?

LOURENCO Nao tenha susto: suas filhas estao bem acompanhadas; deixeas estar.

AFONSO Uma comedia, em minha casa? Estou perdido.

LOURENCO Faca de conta que lhe caiu o raio em casa.

AFONSO Nao ha um fogo que me queime?

LOURENCO Olhe, em casa de Vossa Merce ha bastante fogo; va para la.

AFONSO Onde esta uma forca?

LOURENCO No Rossio.

AFONSO Quem me enforcara?

LOURENCO O carrasco.

AFONSO O Lourenco, toma estes tres vintens; toma esta noute uma brujaca em termos.

LOURENCO Uma brujaca de tres vintens ha de ser muito esfarrapada.

AFONSO Mas quero, tenhas segredo.

LOURENCO Senhor tomar eu a caraca e ter segredo e impossivel. Sou tao desgracado que em me mascarando logo me conhecem.

AFONSO Nao dizes que me viste, que eu quero ...

LOURENCO Ai senhor, nao venha depois de morto desinquietar os vivos.

AFONSO Nao, estou com animo de fazer uma asneira.

LOURENCO Nao sera a primeira.

AFONSO Nao digas que me viste, que eu alem dos tres vintens que te dei te farei presente de um cobertor de papa velho, da minha cama para dele fazeres uma vestia e uns calcoes para passares este Inverno. Adeus filho. Aonde morara aqui a Justica?

LOURENCO A justica?

AFONSO Sim.

LOURENCO Parece-me que ai mora nalguma parte!

AFONSO Mas o sitio.

LOURENCO No Largo Largo, town (1990 pop. 65,674), Pinellas co., W Fla., on the Pinellas peninsula and the Gulf Coast, across the bay from Tampa; settled 1853, inc. 1905. It is a packing, canning, and shipping center in a citrus fruit and fishing area.  das Fontainhas. Adeus, senhor, meu amo. afonso Adeus, Lourenco. (Vao-se)

Mutacao de Sala

Com orquestra a um lado, cadeiras, damas e convidados sentados e outros passeando, e no fundo, pano da boca do teatro que ha de aparecer-se a seu tempo.

Roberto e Cosme

COSME Meus Senhores e Senhoras, muito boas festas tenham Vossas Merces e mais eu, juntamente em companhia de tudo que lhe come pao em casa.

ROBERTO O senhor Cosme nunca soube faltar aos termos da cortesia.

COSME Eu sempre fui um homem, que em cortesias excedi o melhor cavalo que entrou em Praca de Touros, tanto Tanto may refer to several things. Please see:
  • Tantō - A Japanese weapon
  • Tanto, Stockholm - A district of Stockholm, Sweden.
See also: Tonto.
 no recuar como no marchar,--sempre tive bom manejo.

ROBERTO O senhor Cosme tambem foi um dos bons latinos dos nossos tempos.

COSME Sim: andei sempre pelas aulas aos tombos, e aos encontroes; fui homem que falei como um periquito, porem, tanto li, que tresli; e quem me ouve hoje falar, diz que sou o maior asno, que tem a Rua de Joao de Outeiro: a vista do que eu era dantes, fui boa espada, fui bom copo.

ROBERTO Eu lho creio.

COSME E tive [e] muitas mesas, competencias com o Pai: fui bom cavaleiro, dei muito pela albarda, em fim fui homem de faca e calhau.

ROBERTO Dizei-me, senhor Cosme, tardara muito a funcao?

COSME Nao pode tardar: porque os curiosos estao vestidos.

ROBERTO Que comedia e?

COSME Os Encantos de Medeia. Mas ja dao sinal de estarem prontos. Oh Senhores da Orquestra, olho nas figuras. E toquem com sustancia, senhores; no caso que nao cheguem os bancos e cadeiras sentem-se uns por cima dos outros ... (Afina a orquestra)

ROBERTO Ora, depois da comedia, Vossa Merce como e tao generoso ... entendo teremos ceia.

COSME Sim senhor, os convidados estao todos convidados, para irem cear a suas casas.

ROBERTO Ja vejo que e ridicula a tal funcao.

COSME (Falando para dentro) Oh gentes gen·tes  
n.
Plural of gens.
 de la de dentro, estao prontos? Ora animo, nao esmorecam, facam de conta que aqui fora nao esta gente, senao animais; e una, ai senhor trompa, de la o Alamire: ora oucamos.

Tocam um pique (24) no alegro. Levanta-se o pano; aparece scena sce·na  
n.
1. A subdivision or scene of an opera.

2. The recitative part of a larger vocal number within an opera.



[Italian, from Latin scaena, stage; see scene.]
 de bosque, fundo de mar e naus. Estara no teatro Jason e Teseu; Sacatrapo e Soldados. E canta Jason o seguinte recitado.
Jason    Felices Argonautas valerosos
         que rompendo o cristal do falso argento
         apesar, das violencias de Neptuno,
         indignado e soberbo,
         aportamos enfim com fausto auspicio
         nesta inclita Colcos, soberana
         onde se guarda o celebre Tesouro
         do Aureo Velocino, a cuja empresa
         da nossa amada patria nos partimos.


COSME Tem fraca voz, mas gorgoleja muito bem. (25)

ROBERTO E uma [peste], desafina os Diachos. (26)

COSME Sei-o, vitor serio. (27)

Sai Telemon

TELEMON Suspende, galhardo mancebo os passos, pois te trago da parte do meu Rei um recado.

JASON Dizei.

TELEMON Etas, Rei de Colcos, vos manda perguntar se vindes de paz ou de guerra.

JASON Valeroso Soldado, dizei ao vosso Rei que a minha vinda a este porto foi casual, por impulso de uma tempestade.

TELEMON Pois se vindes de paz vinde ver o meu Rei, que nisso tera uma grande fortuna. (Vai-se)

JASON Teseu, dai ordem a levantar barracas, e fio da vossa experiencia que disponhais tudo com acerto. (Vai-se)

SACATRAPO Ai, Senhor Teseu, que sera isto de Velocino?

TESEU E a ti que te importa sabelo?

SACATRAPO E se eu morrer na guerra, nao e bem que saiba o mal de que morro?

TESEU Homem, sabe que nesta Ilha de Colcos ha um carneiro com pele de ouro; a isto e que chamam Velocino.

SACATRAPO Carneiro com pele de ouro, isso deve ser pele do Diabo; e de que tamanho sera esse carneiro?

TESEU Ora ja nao posso aturar as tuas perguntas. (Vai-se)

SACATRAPO Pois ainda faltava duas cousas que perguntar-lhe: andar, sera outro For other uses, see Outro (album).

For other uses, see Outro (computer gaming).

An outro (sometimes "outtro") or extro means the conclusion to a piece of music, literature or television program. It is the opposite of an intro.
 dia. (Vai-se)

COSME Menos mau.

ROBERTO O que faria o gracioso, nao tem nenhuma graca.

Mutacao de Sala

Sai Jason e Medeia

MEDEIA Jason, quem sente sen·te  
n. pl. li·sen·te
See Table at currency.



[Sotho (Sesotho), from Englishcent.]

Noun 1.
 e forca que se queixe: que para amar basta ter alma.

JASON Belissima Medeia, se fora certa tanta ventura, pudera-me julgar o mais feliz homem do mundo; ai Creusa. (a parte)

MEDEIA Seguro-te que te podes chamar feliz, fazendo que tudo te obedeca e ate te farei Senhor do celebre Velocino.

JASON Tudo isso para mim nao vale tanto como a fortuna de ser teu esposo.

MEDEIA Promete-o, Jason.

JASON Por todos os deuses do firmamento te juro sempre ser-te firme e amante.

Canta Medeia recitado
MEDEIA    Pois ve la o que dizes, nao me enganes,
          nem meu ardor sacrilego profanes
          que quem te sabe dar riquezes tantas
          a morte te dara se a fe quebrantas. (Palmas)


COSME Que tal? Isto sempre e cousa boa.

POVO POVO Power Off Valve Opens  Se continuar, nao podera desagradar.

ROBERTO Veremos isso, que hoje o povo e dificil pode-lo contentar.

COSME Vitor serio.

Sai Creusa

JASON Belissima Creusa, para que vejas que tambem com obras sei querer-te venho dizer-te, que has de embarcar-te comigo esta tarde para Tessalia.

Medeia ao Bastidor

MEDEIA Venho seguindo Jason, mas com Creusa?

CREUSA As mesmas finezas dissestes a Medeia, e contudo a deixastes.

JASON Me ofendes, senao acreditas o meu amor.

CREUSA Pois os meus bracos ...

MEDEIA Montanhas, vingai as injurias de Medeia ... (ao tempo que serao a abracar corre um Monte e os divide)

JASON Que e o que vejo, aonde estas, Creusa, quem de mim te desvia, mas quem havia ser, senao Medeia ... (Canta Jason)
   Recitado

   Pois tirana inimiga infiel Medeia
   apesar dos Encantos dessa ideia
   hei-de ver a Creusa, penetrando
   rompendo altivo, intrepido, rasgando
   desse monte as entranhas: dize donde
   minha Creusa bela em ti se esconde.


Abre-se o monte e sai Medeia.

Dueto
MEDEIA    Traidor, ingrato amante
          mudavel inconstante,
          suspende o teu desvio.

JASON    Oh deixa-me, nao queiras
         tirar-me a Liberdade
         que e livre o alvedrio.

MEDEIA    Pois sabe que [a] vinganca
          que oprime uma mudanca.

JASON    Nao [teme] os teus rigores
         quem busca em seus ardores
         mais belo resplandor. (28)

MEDEIA    Pois barbaro perjuro
          veras o meu rigor ... (palmas)


JASON Espera, Medeia.

MEDEIA Nao tendo ja que escutar as tuas falsidades, mas sim ...

dentro um Alcaide

ALCAIDE Ola, deita as portas dentro.

COSME Oh Senhores que estao la fora, nao cabe ca mais ninguem.

ALCAIDE Abram as portas da parte delRei.

ROBERTO Ai senhor, isto e lastima. Vossas Merces fizeram a comedia sem licenca do Alcaide do Bairro.

TODOS Justica!

Saltam os comicos do teatro abaixo

ROBERTO E boa asneira.

ALCAIDE Vao as portas dentro.

AS DAMAS Ai, estou morta.

Sai o Alcaide, Soldados e Beleguins, e Afonso

ALCAIDE Ola, cerco a casa, deitem-lhe o fogo, e morramos todos queimados.

TODOS Senhor, piedade.

ALCAIDE Ola, amarrem homens e mulheres tudo junto jun·to  
n. pl. jun·tos
A small, usually secret group united for a common interest.



[Alteration of junta.
.

AFONSO Senhor Doutor, faca a execucao bem feita.

ALCAIDE Sim Senhor, venho de animo de enforcar a todos e a Vossa Merce quando seja preciso.

AFONSO Obrigado, Senhor Doutor.

ROBERTO Nao e este o Senhor Afonso que tinha morrido?

AS DAMAS Como nosso Pai?

ALCAIDE [Ola, va] algemados todos de pes e maos as minhas ordens.

TODOS Senhor ...

ALCAIDE Calem-se com todos os Diachos, ajuntem-se todos de cambulhada para ali, que lhe quero ver essas caras descaradas. Vao os, ola preparem a gargalheira. (a um que [esta] atras)

ROBERTO Senhor, eu sou um homem bem criado.

ALCAIDE Bem se ve, essa barriga nao mente.

ROBERTO Tudo isso e balofo.

ALCAIDE Balofo! entao que chama Voce a isto? Ora ande a [redece]; quando nao, olhe que o meco com esta vara; quem e que fazia as vezes de Dono da Casa na ausencia deste homem que julgaram por Mortuorum?

COSME Eu, Senhor, que sou seu irmao.

ALCAIDE Voce e! forte [Santa Igreja]: de ja para ali conta de duas mocetonas que sao filhas aqui do Senhor.

COSME Aqui estao, Senhor Doutor.

ALCAIDE Venham qua pequerruchas: nao sao muito mas frangas, e elas sao suas filhas pois nao aparecem, que Vossa Merce e mais feio do que elas.

AFONSO Obrigado, Senhor Doutor.

ALCAIDE Quem sao dois machacazes que estao nesta casa com quem Voces andam namoradas; falem verdade, senao olhem que eu sou um arrenegado, e posso fazer alguma asneira. Vejam la como se azoam comigo.

COSME Senhor, os Chichisbeus de minhas sobrinhas, um e Teseu, outro Jason.

ALCAIDE Teseu e Jason; que Diabo de gente e essa? Isso e gente grega.

JASON Senhor, eu sou Jason.

TESEO TESEO Technical Support for European Organisations  E eu o tal Teseu.

ALCAIDE Ola, Teseu e Jason, presos para a enxovia. Carregados de ferros: e depois que os enforquem.

COSME Senhor Doutor, Vossa Merce nao sabe outra justica que de forca.

ALCAIDE Tomara-o eu la ver a Voce.

COSME Os senhores sao homens de gravata lavada.

ALCAIDE Cale-se la, aqui estou eu que nunca a trouxe limpa, e sou um homem desta jurisdicao.

AFONSO Entao Senhor Doutor, acode a honra de minha casa.

ALCAIDE Onde esta ela?

AFONSO Case-me as filhas e fico satisfeito.

ALCAIDE Com os tais dois machacazes?

AFONSO Sim senhor.

ALCAIDE Ola, quem pertence a Jason?

1A DAMA Eu.

ALCAIDE E a Teseu?

2A DAMA Eu.

ALCAIDE Pois case Jason e Teseu antes que roubem algum Velocino.

AFONSO Pois, senhor, visto estar a minha casa sossegada e completa a sua reputacao, perdoe ... (la dentro)

ALCAIDE Nao quero nada: basta, que Voce me mande uma duzia de porcos, bem porcos, que e o regalo mais asseado que me pode fazer.

AFONSO Quanto Vossa Merce quiser e for de seu gosto.

ALCAIDE E que quer que eu faca de toda esta gente; se quer que os mande enforcar a todos, estou pronto pron·to  
adv. Informal
Without delay; quickly.



[Spanish, from Latin prmptus; see prompt.
, para mim isso e um instante.

AFONSO Nao senhor, a todos os mais senhores deixe ir em paz.

ALCAIDE Ola, oculoruorum, bom padrinho tiveram.

TODOS Senhor Doutor.

ALCAIDE Adeus, rapazes.

TODOS Faremos o que deve ...

ALCAIDE Ora sem cerimonia.

TODOS Ha de permitir ...

ALCAIDE Adeus, adeus rapazes, procedam bem e Deus os faca Santos.

Fim

Escusado: Mesa 7 de Outubro de 1782.
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Author:Perkins, Juliet
Publication:Portuguese Studies
Article Type:Opera Review
Date:Jan 1, 2000
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