A brief reply.

First, I acknowledge that the details given by Herwig Zahorka in his response to my essay complement his 2001 article on several points, especially on the recent history of the Orang Darat. However, on other questions, I would make the following remarks.

1) I suggest that Zahorka did not understand that I was in Teluk only in 2000. Therefore I could not have read his article, which was published in 2001, and so the names of the people he mentions were not relevant at the time. Furthermore, because of the neglect of the Respen site, the people of Tanjung Sinodo' had moved to other locations or to swidden farms and only three houses were still inhabited.

2) With regard to the Tasaday hoax, of course, I did not refer to Zahorka's article in the BRB, but rather to the apparent effort by the local branch of Depsos to cash in on so-called "primitive" Punan-Basap "cave-dwellers" for policy reasons. This occurred in 1992, well before Zahorka returned to Teluk Sumbang in 1994.

3) The GKII pendeta came from the vicinity of Batu Putih, south of Talisayan, the capital of kec. Talisayan. Zahorka is correct in observing that Batu Putih is a mixed coastal Muslim settlement (Banuwa or Orang Barrau, Bugis, Mandar, and Bajau). However, Dayak/Orang Darat live not far inland from Batu Putih, at Tambudan, which appears on the Atlas Kabupaten Berau and at Tambudan Bangun (Kampung Barn) situated downriver, closer to the coast. Since the 1970s, Batu Putih has also been the starting point of a logging road which runs all the way to the Mangkalihat area, passing near Tadoan on the Manumbar River and branching west to Susuk Luar. In 2000, as far as I know, Lun Dayeh guru injil were no longer being posted to Teluk, Sumbang or Tonda.

4) Temporary settlements of the two (or more) local groups living in the Tindah Hantung range were first established in the 1960s, after the end of silent trade in the early 1950s, according to the Orang Darat in Tonda and also Bugis traders in Teluk. This point would merit detailed investigation into the factors that led to differentiation among Orang Darat local groups in the Mangkalihat area.

5) The ethnographic and linguistic references given in the bibliography of the article were used in compiling the working paper (IRSEA 1996), the 2003 article, and the paper presented at the XV ICAES in Florence (IUAES Commission on Urgent Anthropological Research, in the press). In case Zahorka or other BRB readers are interested, I can provide copies of these texts.