29th census of world casting production - 1994.Only five nations reported losses in metalcasting's spectaclar 1994. This data also points to a change in metalcasting leaders. According modern casting's "29th Annual Census of World Casting Production, 1994"--with a few major exceptions--was nearly as good a year among other nations as it was for U.S. metalcasters. Despite the fact that total world shipments reportedly declined slightly to 66.4 million metric tons in '94 from 66.8 million in '93, a surprising 20 nations reported gains in metalcasting shipments. While the world's casting production reportedly decreased from 1993 totals, 1994's 66.4 million compares favorably fa·vor·a·ble adj. 1. Advantageous; helpful: favorable winds. 2. Encouraging; propitious: a favorable diagnosis. 3. to a 61.4 million ton total in '92 and 49.2 million in '91. Some significant trends revealed by the '94 survey include: * Austria Austria (ô`strēə), Ger. Österreich [eastern march], officially Republic of Austria, federal republic (2005 est. pop. 8,185,000), 32,374 sq mi (83,849 sq km), central Europe. , Finland Finland, Finnish Suomi (swô`mē), officially Republic of Finland, republic (2005 est. pop. 5,223,000), 130,119 sq mi (337,009 sq km), N Europe. , Poland Poland, Pol. Polska, officially Republic of Poland, republic (2005 est. pop. 38,635,000), 120,725 sq mi (312,677 sq km), central Europe. It borders on Germany in the west, on the Baltic Sea and the Kaliningrad region of Russia in the north, on Lithuania, and Switzerland Switzerland (swĭt`sərlənd), Fr. Suisse, Ger. Schweiz, Ital. Svizzera, officially Swiss Confederation, federal republic (2005 est. pop. 7,489,000), 15,941 sq mi (41,287 sq km), central Europe. each reversed three year downturns with a gain in '94; * China experienced its first decline after significant growth for three years (which saw its totals grow from 8.8 million in '90 to 12.3 million in '93; * The U.S. was the only nation to experience growth in each of the last three years. Canada Canada (kăn`ədə), independent nation (2001 pop. 30,007,094), 3,851,787 sq mi (9,976,128 sq km), N North America. Canada occupies all of North America N of the United States (and E of Alaska) except for Greenland and the French islands of , Mexico Mexico, city, Mexico Mexico or Mexico City, Span. Ciudad de México (Méjico), city (1990 pop. 8,236,960; 1991 met. area est. 20,899,000), central Mexico, capital and largest city of Mexico. and Peru showed growth for two consecutive years. The biggest leaps in castings shipped were made by the U.S. (+1.6 million tons), India India, officially Republic of India, republic (2005 est pop. 1,080,264,000), 1,261,810 sq mi (3,268,090 sq km), S Asia. The second most populous country in the world, it is also sometimes called Bharat, its ancient name. India's land frontier (c. (+1.3 million tons), Canada (665,804 tons, which, based on new estimates from the Canadian Canadian (kənā`dēən), river, 906 mi (1,458 km) long, rising in NE New Mexico. and flowing E across N Texas and central Oklahoma into the Arkansas River in E Oklahoma. Foundry A semiconductor manufacturer that makes chips for third parties. It may be a large chip maker that sells its excess manufacturing capacity or one that makes chips exclusively for other companies. Assn., more than doubled its total), and Germany Germany (jûr`mənē), Ger. Deutschland, officially Federal Republic of Germany, republic (2005 est. pop. 82,431,000), 137,699 sq mi (356,733 sq km). (339,303 tons). While only five nations reported casting production decreases, several are major players that experienced rather large reductions. Shipments in last year's highest metalcasting-producing nation, the Commonwealth of Independent States Commonwealth of Independent States (CIS), community of independent nations established by a treaty signed at Minsk, Belarus, on Dec. 8, 1991, by the heads of state of Russia, Belarus, and Ukraine. Between Dec. 8 and Dec. , dropped 3.9 million. The second- and sixth-largest metalcasting producing nations, the People's Republic People's Republic n. A political organization founded and controlled by a national Communist party. of China and China-Taiwan, dropped 729,410 and 1 million tons, respectively. South Africa South Africa, Afrikaans Suid-Afrika, officially Republic of South Africa, republic (2005 est. pop. 44,344,000), 471,442 sq mi (1,221,037 sq km), S Africa. and Turkey also reported shipment losses. While the economic situation in the former Soviet Union may well have contributed to the decline in CIS Cis (sĭs), same as Kish (1.) (1) (CompuServe Information Service) See CompuServe. (2) (Card Information S numbers, it is believed that reported decreases--particularly in China--might be the result of more accurate data collection practices. The results of this survey also repositions the global production leaders. The U.S., which was third in the world in tonnage TONNAGE, mar. law. The capacity of a ship or vessel. 2. The act of congress of March 2, 1799, s. 64, 1 Story's L. U. S. 630, directs that to ascertain the tonnage of any ship or vessel, the surveyor, &c. of castings shipped in '93, has reportedly moved past the CIS and People's Republic of China. Among the metals category leaders (listed in bold on the chart on p. 25), the only change is in aluminum, where the U.S. shipped more tons of castings in '94 than Japan, the aluminum leader in '93. Of the 33 nations in this year's census, Croatia Croatia (krōā`shə), Croatian Hrvatska, officially Republic of Croatia, republic (2005 est. pop. 4,496,000), 21,824 sq mi (56,524 sq km), in the northwest corner of the Balkan Peninsula. (41,193 tons) and Italy Italy (ĭt`əlē), Ital. Italia, officially Italian Republic, republic (2005 est. pop. 58,103,000), 116,303 sq mi (301,225 sq km), S Europe. (1,572,870 tons) were the only newcomers. Czechoslovakia Czechoslovakia (chĕk'ōslōväk`ēə), Czech Československo (chĕs`kōslōvĕn'skō), former federal republic, 49,370 sq mi (127,869 sq km), in central Europe. On Jan. (last reported totals of 868,410 in '91) was dropped based on lack of recent data. When examining the production breakdown, keep in mind that some nations have combined their output under one metal category for convenience. Please also note that figures for Argentina Argentina (ärjəntē`nə, Span. ärhāntē`nä), officially Argentine Republic, republic (2005 est. pop. 39,538,000), 1,072,157 sq mi (2,776,889 sq km), S South America. , Brazil Brazil (brəzĭl`), Port. Brasil, officially Federative Republic of Brazil, republic (2005 est. pop. 186,113,000), 3,286,470 sq mi (8,511,965 sq km), E South America. , Egypt Egypt (ē`jĭpt), Arab. Misr, biblical Mizraim, officially Arab Republic of Egypt, republic (2005 est. pop. 77,506,000), 386,659 sq mi (1,001,449 sq km), NE Africa and SW Asia. , Hungary Hungary, Hung. Magyarország, officially Republic of Hungary, republic (2005 est. pop. 10,007,000), 35,919 sq mi (93,030 sq km), central Europe. , Romania, Spain, and Zambia are 93's figures. Comments about or participation in the annual census should be directed to: Census of World Casting Production, modern casting, 505 State St., Des Plaines, Illinois “Des Plaines” redirects here. For the river, see Des Plaines River. Des Plaines (pronounced IPA [dɛsˈpleɪnz]) is a city in Cook County, Illinois, United States. , U.S.A., 60016-8399. Number of Operating Foundries Worldwide--1994 (from countries participating in 29th Census of World Casting Production) COUNTRY IRON STEEL NONFERROUS Austria 23(1) 7 34 Belgium 72 12 58 Brazil(**) 934(2) -- -- Canada 86 -- 98 China, People's Rep.(**) 8458 2674(3) 2802 Croatia 34(6) 3 24(7) Commonwealth of Independent States(4) 4000(5) -- -- Egypt(**) 27 4 3 Finland 20(8) -- 16 France(9) 177 -- 330 Germany 320(10) 68 502(11) Hungary(**) 44(12) -- 38 India 6000(2) -- -- Italy 458(23) 36 100 Japan 723(13) 116 593 Korea, Rep. 458(14) 113 240(15) Mexico, D.F. 618(2) -- -- Netherlands(**) 30(12) -- 39 Norway 19(16) 4 14(17) Peru 103(18) 7 80 Portugal 51(19) 11 54(20) Romania(**) 40 87 175 Spain(**) 146 42 88 Sweden 37 11 83 Switzerland 23 -- 47 Turkey 118(21) 42 88(22) United Kingdom 240 43 -- United States 700 300 2100 Zambia(**) 5 1 -- TOTAL 23,964 3581 7606 COUNTRY TOTAL Austria 64 Belgium 142 Brazil(**) 934 Canada 184 China, People's Rep.(**) 13,934 Croatia 61 Commonwealth of Independent States(4) 4000 Egypt(**) 34 Finland 36 France(9) 507 Germany 890 Hungary(**) 82 India 6000 Italy 594 Japan 1432 Korea, Rep. 811 Mexico, D.F. 618 Netherlands(**) 69 Norway 37 Peru 190 Portugal 116 Romania(**) 302 Spain(**) 276 Sweden 131 Switzerland 70 Turkey 248 United Kingdom 283 United States 3100 Zambia(**) 6 TOTAL 35,151 (**) 1993 (1) includes 20 ductile iron Ductile iron, also called ductile cast iron or nodular cast iron, is a type of cast iron invented in 1943 by Keith Millis[1]. While most varieties of cast iron are brittle, ductile iron is much more ductile, as the name implies. and two malleable iron (Metal.) iron sufficiently pure or soft to be capable of extension under the hammer; also, specif., a kind of iron produced by removing a portion of the carbon or other impurities from cast iron, rendering it less brittle, and to some extent malleable. foundries; 7 foundries have ferrous ferrous (fĕr`əs), iron in the +2 valence state. Containing or having to do with iron. The difference between ferrous and ferric is the number of valence electrons they contain (ferrous contains two and ferric contains three), which and nonferrous non·fer·rous adj. 1. Not composed of or containing iron. 2. Of or relating to metals other than iron. nonferrous Adjective 1. production (2) includes all foundries (3) includes 245 investment casting investment casting Precision casting for forming metal shapes with minutely precise details. Casting bronze or precious metals typically involves several steps, including forming a mold around the sculptured form; detaching the mold (in two or more sections); coating its foundries (4) estimate from Stratecasts,Inc. (5) includes all foundries, most of which product iron castings (6) includes 25 gray iron, 8 ductile iron and 1 malleable iron foundries (7) includes 15 aluminum and 2 zinc zinc, metallic chemical element; symbol Zn; at. no. 30; at. wt. 65.38; m.p. 419.58°C;; b.p. 907°C;; sp. gr. 7.133 at 25°C;; valence +2. Zinc is a lustrous bluish-white metal. It is found in Group 12 of the periodic table. foundries (8) includes 7 steel foundries (9) 27 foundries produce both ferrous and nonferrous (10) includes 300 ductile iron and 20 malleable iron foundries (11) includes for the first time, both parts of Germany (12) includes steel foundries (13) includes 695 gray ductile iron foundries and 28 malleable iron foundries (14) includes 342 gray iron, 115 ductile ductile /duc·tile/ (duk´til) susceptible of being drawn out without breaking. duc·tile adj. Easily molded or shaped. ductile susceptible of being drawn out without breaking. iroon ad 16 malleable iron foundries (15) includes 105 copper, 9 ductile iron and magnesium magnesium (măgnē`zēəm, –zhəm), metallic chemical element; symbol Mg; at. no. 12; at. wt. 24.305; m.p. about 648.8°C;; b.p. about 1,090°C;; sp. gr. 1.738 at 20°C;; valence +2. and 2 zinc foundries (16) includes 9 gray iron, 9 ductile iron and 1 malleable iron foundry (17) includes 5 cooper, 6 aluminum, 1 magnesium and 2 zinc foundries (18) includes 100 gray iron and 3 ductile iron foundries (19) includes 49 gray and ductile iron foundries, and 2 malleable iron foundries (20) includes diecasters and other light metal foundries (21) includes 90 gray iron, 25 ductile iron and 3 malleable iron foundries (22) includes 35 cooper, 31 aluminum and 22 zinc foundries (23) includes 305 gray iron, 150 ductile iron and 3 malleable iron foundries
29th Census of World Casting Production
1994 (in metric tons)
Gray Ductile
Country Iron Iron
Argentina(**) 117,900 25,900
Austria 63,336 70,549
Belgium 113,651(3) --
Brazil(**) 1,217,000(5) --
Canada 1,176,341(5) --
China, People's Rep. 7,607,330 1,321,230
China, Taiwan 911,084 316,784
CIS(6) 8,240,000 305,000
Croatia 27,017 5974
Egypt(**) 99,948(5) --
Finland 51,431 32,665
France 961,406 869,192
Germany 1,992,329 979,231
Hungary(**) 38,674 8207
India 2,250,000 120,000
Italy 1,048,122 312,091
Japan 3,035,179 2,016,488(12)
Korea, Rep. 904,600 407,700(15)
Mexico, D.F.(17) 355,023 66,344
Netherlands 58,200 67,700
Norway 26,935 24,478
Peru 15,000(18,20) 340
Poland 584,000(21) 59,000
Portugal(22) 49,603 17,189
Romania(**) 355,000 15,000
South Africa 95,100(24) --
Spain(**) 256,500 170,000
Sweden 174,900 54,500(26)
Switzerland 70,580 44,572
Turkey 550,000 75,000
United Kingdom 628,000 392,000
United States 5,831,000 3,691,000
Zambia(**) 600 --
TOTAL 38,905,789 1,1468,134
Malleable Steel Copper-
Country Iron Base
Argentina(**) 5000 15,200 6500
Austria 11,389 12,828 10,758(1)
Belgium 40 48,986 741
Brazil(**) -- 134,000 17,000
Canada -- 106,350 --
China, People's Rep. 364,590 1,610,590 100,400
China, Taiwan 25,456 100,886 42,181
CIS(6) 800,000 960,000 --
Croatia 127 1621 1030
Egypt(**) -- 5612 83
Finland -- 15,507 4059
France 10,261 135,827 23,600
Germany 78,520 168,130 81,059
Hungary(**) 1183 8501 1970
India 110,000 375,000 --
Italy 18,400 83,257 111,000
Japan 147,350 356,144 103,201
Korea, Rep. 43,200 131,900 18,500
Mexico, D.F.(17) -- 17,961 9935
Netherlands 3700 -- --
Norway 2302 3154 2244
Peru -- 936,000(1) 1650(20)
Poland 30,620 71,000 16,000
Portugal(22) 6343 16,581 1105
Romania(**) 25,000 160,000 225,000(23)
South Africa -- 569,300(2) --
Spain(**) 16,000 61,600 16,000
Sweden -- 13,900 9600
Switzerland -- -- 3962
Turkey 11,330 61,000 12,600
United Kingdom 20,000 86,600 35,500
United States 234,000 1,290,000 292,000
Zambia(**) 112,000(27) 2400 --
TOTAL 1,976,811 6,159,835 1,147,678
Country Aluminum Mg Zinc
Argentina(**) 11,600 -- --
Austria 52,786(2) -- --
Belgium 18,838 -- 1573
Brazil(**) 92,000 8000 17,000
Canada -- -- --
China, People's Rep 495,290(2) -- 52,300
China, Taiwan 153,435 -- --
CIS(6) 540,000(7) -- 800,000
Croatia 4981 -- 443
Egypt(**) 549 -- --
Finland 2610 -- 429
France 229,191(2) -- 36,690
Germany 434,158 4068 69,682
Hungary(**) 6203 -- 257
India -- -- --
Italy -- -- --
Japan 1,030,928(13) 71 39,674
Korea, Rep. 34,600 -- --
Mexico, D.F.(17) 233,230 -- --
Netherlands 13,800 -- --
Norway 3118 41 2657
Peru 1080(20) -- --
Poland 27,000 320 6000
Portugal(22) 10,382 -- 1307
Romania(**) -- -- --
South Africa -- 34,800(**) --
Spain(**) 84,500 -- 19,800
Sweden 25,600 1800 3700
Switzerland 14,768 -- 1666
Turkey 14,550 -- 4200
United Kingdom 106,500 -- --
United States 1,486,000 31,000 371,000
Zambia(**) -- -- --
TOTAL 5,127,697 80,100 1,428,378
Other TOTAL
Country Nonferrous
Argentina(**) -- 182,100
Austria -- 221,646
Belgium 693(4) 184,522
Brazil(**) -- 1,485,000
Canada -- 1,282,691
China, People's Rep 74,440 11,626,170
China, Taiwan -- 1,549,826
CIS(6) -- 11,645,000
Croatia -- 41,193
Egypt(**) -- 106,192
Finland 49(2) 106,750
France 3746(8) 2,269,913
Germany 7997(9) 3,815,174
Hungary(**) 13(10) 65,008
India 20,000(11) 2,875,000
Italy -- 1,572,870
Japan 11,655(14) 6,740,690
Korea, Rep. 4200(16) 1,544,700
Mexico, D.F.(17) -- 682,493
Netherlands -- 143,400
Norway -- 64,929
Peru -- 54,070
Poland 1000 794,940
Portugal(22) 1167 103,677
Romania(**) -- 780,000
South Africa -- 199,200
Spain(**) 400 624,800
Sweden -- 284,000
Switzerland -- 135,548
Turkey -- 728,680
United Kingdom -- 1,268,680
United States 41,000 13,267,000
Zambia(**) -- 15,000
TOTAL 166,360 66,460,782
(**) 1993 tonnage (1) includes zinc, lead and tin castings (2) includes magnesium castings (3) includes ductile iron casting (4) includes magnesium and titanium titanium (tītā`nēəm, tĭ–) [from Titan], metallic chemical element; symbol Ti; at. no. 22; at. wt. 47.88; m.p. 1,675°C;; b.p. 3,260°C;; sp. gr. 4.54 at 20°C;; valence +2, +3, or +4. (5) includes ductile iron and malleable iron (6) estimated from Stratecast, Inc. (7) includes die castings die casting Forming metal objects by injecting molten metal under pressure into dies or molds. An early and important use of the technique was in the Linotype machine (1884), but the mass-production automobile assembly line gave die casting its real impetus. (8) includes lead, tin and other nonferrous (9) includes 7478 mt lead; 401 mt tin; and 118 mt nickel nickel, metallic chemical element; symbol Ni; at. no. 28; at. wt. 58.69; m.p. about 1,453°C;; b.p. about 2,732°C;; sp. gr. 8.902 at 25°C;; valence 0, +1, +2, +3, or +4. (10) lead castings (11) includes cooper, zinc and aluminum-based castings (12) includes 709, 565 mt cast iron pipe (13) includes 655,036 mt aluminum die castings (14) includes 3809 mt cooper and other die castings and 7864 mt investment castings (15) includes 175,000 mt cast pipe (16) includes magnesium and zinc castings (17) shipments based on recently published data by S.M.F. (18) includes 10,000 mt ingot molds a box or mold in which ingots are cast. See also: Ingot (19) includes 25,000 mt grinding grinding, process by which surface material is removed from an object, usually metal, by the abrasive action of a rotating wheel or a moving belt that contains abrasive grains. balls for mining (20) most foundries are small and unrigistered; tonnages estimated (21) includes alloyed al·loy n. 1. A homogeneous mixture or solid solution of two or more metals, the atoms of one replacing or occupying interstitial positions between the atoms of the other: Brass is an alloy of zinc and copper. iron (22) only Assn. of Portugal Foundries (represent about 90% of total production) (23) includes all nonferrous castings (24) consists of 65,000 mt gray iron, 900 mt Meehanite, 21,400 mt SG iron and 7800 white iron (25) consists of 30,200 mt carbon steel and 39,100 mt manganese/alloy steel (26) includes malleable iron (27) includes white iron |
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