1955: moving to the front of the bus.1. Explain how the 1955 Montgomery bus boycott The Montgomery bus boycott was a mass protest by African American citizens in the city of Montgomery, Alabama, against Segregation policies on the city's public buses. It was nine years before the Civil Rights Act of 1964 would change the nation forever. elevated the Rev. Martin Luther King Jr. to national prominence.-- 2. The Brown v. Board of Education Brown v. Board of Education (of Topeka) (1954) U.S. Supreme Court case in which the court ruled unanimously that racial segregation in public schools violated the 14th Amendment to the U.S. Constitution. ruling said a black schools were entitled to the same amount of public funding as white schools. b white schools could not discriminate against non-whites on the basis of income. c separate but equal public schools for whites and blacks were unconstitutional. d private schools could not discriminate. 3. Rosa Parks was not a newcomer to racial issues in 1955. She had already a been jailed for protesting segregation. b worked for Martin Luther King Jr. c been a member of the National Association for the Advancement of Colored People National Association for the Advancement of Colored People (NAACP), organization composed mainly of American blacks, but with many white members, whose goal is the end of racial discrimination and segregation. , d traveled widely throughout the South. 4. Years after her refusal to move from her seat, Rosa Parks explained her motivation that day. Briefly summarize what she said about her decision.-- 5. Montgomery ministers who had been involved in the bus protest were indicted INDICTED, practice. When a man is accused by a bill of indictment preferred by a grand jury, he is said to be indicted. by local authorities for a inciting violence. b violating the tenets of their churches' teachings. c preaching racial intolerance. d conducting an illegal boycott. 6. The model for King's strategy of passive resistance was a Pope Pius XII Pope Pius XII (Latin: Pius PP. XII), born Eugenio Maria Giuseppe Giovanni Pacelli (March 2, 1876 – October 9, 1958), reigned as the 260th pope, the head of the Roman Catholic Church and sovereign of Vatican City, from March 2, 1939 until his death. . b Mohandas Gandhi. c Moses. d the Buddha. IN-DEPTH QUESTIONS 1. Why do you think it took nearly a decade of protests following the Supreme Court ruling in 1955 striking down the Alabama Laws before the Civil. Rights Act of 1954 and the Voting Rights Act Voting Rights Act Act passed by the U.S. Congress in 1965 to ensure the voting rights of African Americans. Though the Constitution's 15th Amendment (passed 1870) had guaranteed the right to vote regardless of “race, color, or previous condition of servitude,” of 1955 were passed? 2. Does the fact that a practice (such as racial segregation) is protected by law give it an aura of legitimacy? How does one decide whether a law is just or unjust? ANSWER KEY 1. He was the leader of the boycott group and spoke forcefully against racial. segregation. 2. (c) separate but equal public schools for whites and blacks were unconstitutional. 3. (c) been a member of the NAACP NAACP in full National Association for the Advancement of Colored People Oldest and largest U.S. civil rights organization. It was founded in 1909 to secure political, educational, social, and economic equality for African Americans; W.E.B. Du Bois and Ida B. (National Association for the Advancement of Colored People]. 4. She wanted to be free Like everyone else; she was tired of being a second-class citizen. [Similar wording is acceptable.) 5. (d) conducting an illegal boycott 6. (b) Mohandas Gandhi. |
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