'Caring' could cut pounds 10m calf death bill.

Managing cows and calves to improve calf survival could substantially boost returns in many English suckler herds, according to the English Beef and Lamb Executive (EBLEX)

This could significantly reduce the estimated pounds 10m annual cost to the industry of calf mortality. The latest Beef Action for Profit fact sheet ( Better Returns from Improving Calf Survival ( highlights calf losses running at up to 6%.

Scouring is the main cause of mortality in the first few weeks of life and respiratory disease takes a particular toll between eight and 20 weeks of life.

MLC beef scientist Liz Genever said: "The fact that calves requiring assistance with traction at birth are 30 times more likely to die than those born without assistance underlines the critical importance of calving ease."

ELEX advises calving ease and mothering ability are key selection criteria in breeding herd replacements, using EBVs, and 200-day milk to select superior bulls for replacement breeding wherever possible.

Ms Genever added: "Careful management of cow nutrition in the crucial last three months of pregnancy is recommended to ensure cows are fit not fat."

Additional guidelines say:

* Supervise calvings well.

* Treat all calf navels with a strong iodine solution.

* Have well-bedded, dry and disinfected calving boxes.

* Give calves receive colostrum in the first 3-4 hours of life.

* Maintain dry, well-bedded, uncrowded accommodation.

* Provide ventilated but draft-free calf housing.

* Reduce stress by weaning, worming and weighing calves on separate days.

Copies of Better Returns from Improving Calf Survival are available free to English levy payers, from EBLEX on [phone] or by e-mailing [e-mail]. More detailed information and guidance linked to the fact sheet is provided through the Beef Action for Profit website resource at www.eblex.org.uk.